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ARCUS Student Award | 7th Annual
Award
7th Annual ARCUS Award for Arctic Research Excellence
Search
Papers
A complete listing of all papers submitted follows this
list of winners and honorable mentions.
Winners
Winner
Submitted by
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Michael Weintraub
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Authors
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Michael N. Weintraub and J. P. Schimel
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Interactions Between Carbon and Nitrogen
Mineralization and Soil Organic Matter Chemistry
in Arctic Tundra Soils
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Abstract
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We used long term long-term lab incubations and
chemical fractionation to characterize the
mineralization dynamics of organic soils from
tussock, shrub, and wet meadow tundra
communities, to determine the relationship
between soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition
and chemistry, and to...
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Affiliation
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Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology (EEMB),
University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB),
Santa Barbara, CA, USA
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Winner
Submitted by
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Emily Jenkins
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Authors
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Emily Jenkins, A. M. Veitch, G. D. Appleyard, E.
P. Hoberg, S. J. Kutz, and L. Polley
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Geographic Distribution and Seasonal Patterns of
Larval Shedding of the Muscle-Dwelling Nematode
Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei in Thinhorn Sheep
from Northern North America
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Abstract
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In 2000, the muscleworm Parelaphostrongylus
odocoilei (previously reported only in cervids
and mountain goats) was identified in Dall's
sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) from the Mackenzie
Mountains, Northwest Territories (NT), Canada.
Subsequently, we determined the geographic
distribution of P. odocoilei through...
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Affiliation
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Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University
of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Winner
Submitted by
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Sarah Boon
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Authors
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Sarah Boon, M. Sharp, and P. Nienow
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Impact of an Extreme Melt Event on the Hydrology
and Runoff of a High Arctic Glacier
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Abstract
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On 28-30 July, 2000, an extreme melt event was
observed at John Evans Glacier (JEG), Ellesmere
Island (79° 40' N, 74° 00' W). Hourly melt rates
during this event fell in the upper 4% of the
distribution of melt rates...
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Affiliation
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Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Winner
Submitted by
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Stephanie Irlbacher Fox
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Category
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Social Science
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Title
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Women’s Participation in Self Government
Negotiations in the Northwest Territories, Canada
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Abstract
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This paper provides general background on self
government negotiating processes in Canada’s
Northwest Territories, focusing on women’s
participation. It begins by briefly contrasting
western feminist and indigenous feminist
perspectives. A combination of statistical
information, participant observations, interviews
with self government...
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Affiliation
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Scott Polar Research Institute, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Honorable Mentions
Honorable Mention
Submitted by
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Nina Karnovsky
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Authors
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Nina J. Karnovsky, S. Kwasniewski, J. M.
Weslawski, W. Walkusz, and A. Beszczyska-Moeller
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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The Foraging Behavior of Little Auks in a
Heterogeneous Environment
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Abstract
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The Atlantic sector of the Arctic is currently
undergoing large-scale changes in the
distribution of water masses in response to the
pronounced positive values of the North Atlantic
Oscillation. As a consequence the area
surrounding Little Auk (Alle alle) colonies...
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Affiliation
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Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,
University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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Honorable Mention
Submitted by
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W. Wyatt Oswald
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Authors
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W. Wyatt Oswald, L. Brubaker, F. Sheng Hu, and G.
Kling
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Holocene Pollen Records from the Central Arctic
Foothills, Northern Alaska: Testing the Role of
Substrate in the Response of Tundra to Climate
Change
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Abstract
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To explore the role of edaphic controls in the
response of arctic tundra to climate change, we
analyzed Holocene pollen records from lakes in
northern Alaska located on glaciated surfaces
(Sagavanirktok and Itkillik II) with contrasting
soil texture (fine versus...
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Affiliation
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College of Forest Resources, University of
Washington, Seattle , WA, USA
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Honorable Mention
Submitted by
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Claude Belzile
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Authors
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Claude Belzile, J. A. E. Gibson, and W. F.
Vincent
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Colored Dissolved Organic Matter and Dissolved
Organic Carbon Exclusion from Lake Ice:
Implications for Irradiance Transmission and
Carbon Cycling
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Abstract
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Thick ice cover is a feature of cold-temperate,
polar, and alpine lakes and rivers throughout
much of the year. Our observations from Canadian
lakes and rivers across the latitudinal gradient
46–80ºN show that their overlying ice contains
low concentrations of...
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Affiliation
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Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, West
Boothbay Harbor, Me, USA
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Honorable Mention
Submitted by
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Juha Heikkinen
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Authors
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Juha Heikkinen, V. Elsakov, and P. J. Martikainen
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Carbon Dioxide and Methane Dynamics and Annual
Carbon Balance in Tundra Wetland in NE Europe,
Russia
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Abstract
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Methane (CH4)
and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes on east European
tundra wetland ecosystems (67°23’N, 63°22’E) were
measured by static chamber techniques in 1999.
The 29 microsites were divided into wet flarks
(WF), intermediate flarks (IF), wet lawns
(WL),...
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Affiliation
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Environmental Science, University of Kuopio,
Kuopio, Finland
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Honorable Mention
Submitted by
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Laura Bowling
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Authors
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Laura Bowling, D. L. Kane, R. E. Gieck, L. D.
Hinzman, and D. P. Lettenmaier
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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The Role of Surface Storage in a Low-Gradient
Arctic Watershed
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Abstract
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This paper describes a study of the role of lakes
and wetlands in the low-gradient Putuligayuk
River watershed in northern Alaska.
Evapotranspiration exceeds precipitation over the
summer, and there is a gradual reduction in
wetland extent. Total inundated...
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Affiliation
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Civil and Environmental Engineering, University
of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Honorable Mention
Submitted by
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David Burgess
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Authors
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David Burgess and M. J. Sharp
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Recent Changes in Areal Extent of the Devon Ice
Cap, Nunavut, Canada
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Abstract
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Multi-temporal image data from the years
1959/1960 and 1999/2000 reveal a 2.3% decrease in
the surface area of the Devon ice cap, Nunavut,
over the last 40 years. This has resulted
primarily from extensive retreat of tidewater
glacier margins on...
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Affiliation
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Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Honorable Mention
Submitted by
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Hans-Peter Marshall
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Authors
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Hans-Peter Marshall, J. T. Harper, W. T. Pfeffer,
and N. F. Humphrey
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Depth-Varying Constitutive Properties Observed in
an Isothermal Glacier
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Abstract
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Detailed three-dimensional in-situ measurements
of deformation at depth are used to examine the
rheology of a 6 x 106 m3 block of temperate
glacier ice. Assuming that the viscosity of this
ice is primarily dependent on stress, the...
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Affiliation
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Civil, Environmental, and Architectural
Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder,
Boulder, CO, USA
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Honorable Mention
Submitted by
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Elana Wilson
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Category
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Social Science
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Title
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Gender and Nationalism in Nunavut: A Case Study
of the 1997 Gender Parity Vote
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Abstract
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In this paper, it is argued that the Inuit
autonomy movement was nationalistic in nature and
that the rhetoric of nationalism has played a key
role in shaping understandings of gender and
conceptualizations of the public sphere in
Nunavut, Canada....
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Affiliation
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Scott Polar Research Institute/Department of
Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Interdisciplinary Research Entries
Submitted by
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Laura Belicka
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Authors
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Laura L. Belicka, R. W. Macdonald, and H. R.
Harvey
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Sources and Transport of Organic Carbon to Shelf,
Slope, and Basin Surface Sediments of the Arctic
Ocean
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Abstract
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Lipids in surface sediment transects across the
Arctic Ocean were identified to define the
sources of organic carbon and the transport of
material in the ocean basin. Sterols representing
diatoms (24-methylcholesta-5,24(28)-dien-3ß-ol,
24-methylcholesta-5,22-dien-3ß-ol) and
dinoflagellates
(4a,23,24-trimethylcholest-22-en-3ß-ol) together
with algal polyunsaturated fatty...
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Affiliation
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Marine, Estuarine, and Environmental Sciences,
University of Maryland, Solomons, MD, USA
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Submitted by
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Anna Ekberg (earlier Joabsson)
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Authors
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Anna Ekberg (Joabsson) and T. R. Christensen
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Methane Emissions from Wetlands and Their
Relationship with Vascular Plants: An Arctic
Example
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Abstract
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This paper investigates the relationship between
vascular plant production and CH4 emissions from an arctic
wet tundra ecosystem in north-east Greenland.
Light intensity was manipulated by shading during
three consecutive growing seasons (1998-2000).
The shading treatment resulted in lower...
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Affiliation
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Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem
Analysis, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Submitted by
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Sarah Hamilton
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Toxic Contamination of the Arctic: A Policy
Overview
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Abstract
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Though the Arctic has long been considered one of
the most pristine locations on earth, it is
currently facing environmental catastrophe.
People from Alaska to Finland, whose ancestors
have relied for a hundred generations on a
symbiotic relationship with the...
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Affiliation
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School of Law, University of Colorado, Boulder,
Denver, CO, USA
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Submitted by
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Michael R. Hilton
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Preliminary Results of a Long-term
Geoarchaeological Experiment Designed to Quantify
Postdepositional Disturbances Produced by
Freeze-Thaw Mechanisms
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Abstract
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Archaeologists place significant emphasis on
decoding patterns in the archaeological record. A
plethora of literature devoted to intra-site
spatial analysis substantiates this statement.
The potential for postdepositional disturbances
in those patterns is generally acknowledged, and
freeze/thaw cycles are...
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Affiliation
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Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of
California, Los Angeles, Rapid City, SD, USA
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Submitted by
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Kristin Judd
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Authors
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Kristin E. Judd and G. W. Kling
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Production and Export of Dissolved C in Arctic
Tundra Mesocosms: The Roles of Vegetation and
Water Flow
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Abstract
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To better understand carbon (C) cycling in arctic
tundra we measured dissolved C production and
export rates in mesocosms of three tundra
vegetation types: tussock, inter-tussock and wet
sedge. Three flushing frequencies were used to
simulate storm events and determine...
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Affiliation
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Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Submitted by
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Karen Junge
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Authors
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Karen Junge, J. W. Deming, and H. Eicken
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Surface-Associated Bacterial Activity to -20°C in
Arctic Wintertime Sea Ice
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Abstract
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The lower temperature limit for life was examined
in wintertime Arctic sea ice characterized by
temperature ranging from -2 to -20°C. Active
bacteria were revealed even in the coldest of ice
horizons by novel in-situ and sub-zero (ice)
dilution methods...
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Affiliation
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School of Oceanography, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA, USA
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Submitted by
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Neal Michelutti
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Authors
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Neal Michelutti, M. S. V. Douglas, and J. P. Smol
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Limnological and Paleolimnological Analyses of
Two High Arctic Lakes on Cornwallis Island,
Candian High Arctic: Examining the Impacts of
Recent Climate Changes and Human-Induced
Eutrophication
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Abstract
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From 1968-72, Char and Meretta Lakes (Cornwallis
Island, Canadian Arctic) were the sites of
several limnological studies conducted during the
International Biological Programme (IBP).
However, since then, little research has been
done on either lake. Since 1992, we've sampled
both...
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Affiliation
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Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Submitted by
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Michael Rawlins
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Authors
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Michael A. Rawlins, R. B. Lammers, S. Frolking,
B. M. Fekete, and C. J. Vörösmarty
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Simulating Pan-Arctic Runoff with a Macro-Scale
Terrestrial Water Balance Model
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Abstract
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A terrestrial hydrological model, developed to
simulate the high-latitude water cycle, is
described along with comparisons to observed data
across the Pan-Arctic drainage basin. Gridded
fields of plant rooting depth, soil
characteristics (texture, organic content),
vegetation, and daily time series...
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Affiliation
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Earth Science/Natural Resources, University of
New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
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Submitted by
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Shelly Rayback
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Authors
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Shelly A. Rayback and G. H. R. Henry
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Recontructing Twentieth Century Summer
Temperature in the Canadian High Arctic from
Retrospective Growth Analysis of Cassiope
tetragona
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Abstract
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In order to understand the current and future
impact of climate change in the Arctic, it is
important to develop proxy records to obtain an
empirical description of past climate variability
including its modes of behavior, its extremes and
the...
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Affiliation
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Department of Geography, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Submitted by
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Kaplan Yalcin
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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The 1907 Ksudach, Kamchatka and 1912 Katmai,
Alaska Eruptions as Recorded in the Eclipse Ice
Core, Yukon Territory
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Abstract
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Analysis of major oxide composition of tephra
associated with volcanic sulfate horizons in the
Eclipse ice core via automated scanning electron
microscope has identified tephra from the 1907
Ksudach, Kamchatka, and 1912 Katmai, Alaska
eruptions, confirming my identification of
these...
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Affiliation
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Climate Change Research Center, University of New
Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
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Submitted by
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Grant Zazula
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Authors
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Grant D. Zazula, C. E. Schweger, and A. B.
Beaudoin
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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A Multi-Proxy Record of Full-Glacial Environments
in Eastern Beringia from Northern Yukon, Canada
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Abstract
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The nature of the full-glacial environment of
Beringia has been the focus of substantial
investigation and debate. This paper presents
plant macrofossils recovered from alluvial
deposits at the Bluefish Exposure, northern Yukon
Territory. Nine AMS radiocarbon ages place the
assemblage...
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Affiliation
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Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University,
Burnaby, BC, Canada
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Life Science Entries
Submitted by
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Monica Bando
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Comparing the Nutritional Quality of Steller Sea
Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Diets
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Abstract
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Steller sea lion populations have been declining
precipitously over the past three decades and
although the primary cause(s) remains unknown,
one hypothesis is nutritional stress. Nutritional
stress may be attributable to reduced preferred
prey availability and/or prey quality and
could...
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Affiliation
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Marine Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks,
Fairbanks, AK, USA
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Submitted by
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Travis Booms
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Authors
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Travis L. Booms and M. R. Fuller
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Gyrfalcon Diet in Central West Greenland During
the Nestling Period
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Abstract
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We studied nesting Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus)
food habits in central West Greenland during the
2000 and 2001 field seasons using time-lapse
video (three nests), regurgitated pellets (19
nests), and prey remains (22 nests). Gyrfalcons
relied heavily on Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus...
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Affiliation
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Biology, Boise State University, Wausaukee, WI,
USA
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Submitted by
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Kurt Galbreath
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Authors
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Kurt E. Galbreath and J. A. Cook
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Genetic Consequences of Pleistocene Glaciations
for the Tundra Vole (Microtus oeconomus) in
Beringia
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Abstract
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Repeated glacial events during the Pleistocene
fragmented and displaced populations throughout
the northern continents. Different models of the
effects of these climate-driven events predict
distinct phylogeographic and population genetic
outcomes for high latitude faunas. The role of
glaciations in 1)...
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Affiliation
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Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell
University , Ithaca, NY, USA
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Submitted by
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Jill Johnstone
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Authors
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Jill Johnstone and F. S. Chapin, III
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Non-Equilibrium Succession Dynamics Indicate
Continued Northern Migration of Lodgepole Pine
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Abstract
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Because species affect ecosystem functioning,
understanding migration processes is a key
component of predicting future ecosystem
responses to climate change. This study provides
evidence of range expansion under current climate
conditions of an indigenous species with strong
ecosystem effects. Surveys...
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Affiliation
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Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska
Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
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Submitted by
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Nina Karnovsky
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Authors
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Nina Karnovsky and G. Hunt
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Estimation of Carbon Flux to Dovekies (Alle alle)
in the North Water
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Abstract
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We modeled the energy demand of seabirds in the
North Water, focusing on the planktivorous
dovekie (Alle alle), the dominant species in the
polynya. For the dovekie we provided an estimate
of carbon flux that included aspects of spatial
and...
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Affiliation
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Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,
University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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Submitted by
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Katrin Premke
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Authors
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Katrin Premke, S. Muyakshin, M. Klages, and J.
Wegner
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Evidence for Long Range Chemoreceptive Tracking
of Food Odour in Deep Sea Scavengers by Scanning
Sonar Data
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Abstract
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There is much speculation about chemoreception
being involved in food finding strategies of deep
sea scavengers in the literature (Dahl, 1979;
Meador, 1981; Busdosh et al.; 1982, Sainte-Marie,
1992). Most of these ideas have emerged from
analysing time-lapse photographs and...
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Affiliation
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Deep Sea Research Group, Alfred-Wegener Institute
for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven,
Germany
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Submitted by
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Sandra Rolph
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Authors
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Sandra G. Rolph, G. H. R. Henry, and C. E.
Prescott
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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The Effects of a Nine-Year Climate Warming
Experiment on the Nitrogen Economy in High Arctic
Tundra
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Abstract
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The effects of a ten-year climate warming
experiment on the nitrogen (N) economy was
studied at five sites along a soil moisture
gradient at Alexandra Fiord, Ellesmere Island,
Canada (78°53’N, 75°55’W). Open top chambers
increased the air and soil temperatures...
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Affiliation
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Geography, University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Submitted by
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Marissa Weiss
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Authors
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Marissa Weiss, S. E. Hobbie, and G. M. Gettel
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Contrasting Responses of Nitrogen Fixation in
Arctic Lichens to Experimental and Observed
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Availability
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Abstract
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Here we investigate the influence of nitrogen (N)
and phosphorus (P) on N fixation and abundance of
two of the most common N fixing arctic lichens,
Peltigera aphthosa and Peltigera polydactyla in
two different common moist upland tundra types,
acidic...
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Affiliation
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Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of
Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
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Physical Science Entries
Submitted by
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Andreas Peter Ahlstrøm
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Authors
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Andreas P. Ahlstrøm, C. E. Bøggild, J. J. Mohr,
O. B. Olesen, M. P. Hag, and K. Keller
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Spatial Variability of Ice Sheet Ablation in West
Greenland
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Abstract
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A distributed energy-balance model was forced
with albedo derived from the Advanced Very High
Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Polar Pathfinder
(APP) data to evaluate the common assumption that
ice sheet ablation can be considered a simple
function of elevation. The model...
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Affiliation
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Institute of Geography / Geological Survey of
Denmark and Greenland, University of Copenhagen,
Copenhagen, Denmark
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Submitted by
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Robert Bingham
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Authors
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Robert Bingham, P. Nienow, and M. Sharp
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Intra-Annual and Intra-Seasonal Flow Dynamics of
a High Arctic Polythermal Valley Glacier
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Abstract
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Measurements of surface dynamics on polythermal
John Evans Glacier, Nunavut, Canada over two
winter periods and every 7-10 days throughout two
melt-seasons (June-July 2000, 2001) provide new
insight into spatio-temporal patters of High
Arctic glacier dynamics. In the lower ablation...
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Affiliation
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Geography and Topographic Science, University of
Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
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Submitted by
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Richard Cullather
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Authors
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Richard Cullather and A. H. Lynch
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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The Annual Cycle and Interannual Variabliity of
Atmospheric Pressure in the Vicinity of the North
Pole
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Abstract
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A comparison of NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis 6-hourly sea
level pressure data with former Soviet drifting
station observations over the central Arctic
Basin reveals high monthly correlations
throughout the period 1950-91, but also a
preferred winter season negative bias of about
1.4...
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Affiliation
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Cooperative Institute for Research in
Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado at
Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
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Submitted by
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Kathryn Fishbaugh
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Authors
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Kathryn Fishbaugh and J. Head
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Comparison of the North and South Polar Caps of
Mars: New Observations from MOLA Data and
Discussion of Some Outstanding Questions
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Abstract
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New high-resolution data from the Mars Orbiter
Laser Altimeter (MOLA) have provided detailed
topographic maps for the north and south polar
regions. These new data allow one to compare the
overall topography and geologic histories of the
two polar regions...
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Affiliation
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Geological Sciences, Brown University,
Providence, RI, USA
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Submitted by
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Richard Hall
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Authors
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Richard Hall, N. Hughes, and P. Wadhams
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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A Systematic Method of Obtaining Ice
Concentration Measurements from Ship-Based
Observtions
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Abstract
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The distribution and concentration of sea ice
plays an important role in the Earth's climate
system. Although satellite data are used to
observe the distribution and concentration of sea
ice, the amount of in situ validation data
available is...
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Affiliation
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Scott Polar Research Institute, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Submitted by
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Daniel Hayes
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Authors
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Daniel Hayes and J. H. Morison
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Determining Turbulent Vertical Velocity and
Fluxes of Heat and Salt with an Autonomous
Underwater Vehicle
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Abstract
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The authors show that vertical turbulent fluxes
in the upper ocean can be measured directly with
an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). A
horizontal profile of vertical water velocity is
obtained by applying a Kalman smoother to AUV
motion data. The...
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Affiliation
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Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle,
WA, USA
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Submitted by
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Pavel Izbekov
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Authors
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Pavel Izbekov, J. C. Eichelberger, L. C. Patino,
T. A. Vogel, and B. V. Ivanov
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Calcic Cores of Plagioclase Phenocrysts in
Andesite from Karymsky Volcano: Evidence for
Rapid Introduction by Basaltic Replenishment
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Abstract
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Calcic cores in plagioclase of Karymsky andesite
of the 1996–2000 cycle texturally and
compositionally (both trace- and major-elements)
mimic the plagioclase phenocrysts of basalt
erupted 6 km away at the onset of the cycle.
These observations support the view that...
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Affiliation
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Geophysical Institute/ Department of Geology
& Geophysics, UAF, College of Science,
Engineering and Mathematics, Fairbanks, AK, USA
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Submitted by
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Hyojung Kwon
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Authors
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Hyojung Kwon, W. C. Oechel, R. C. Zulueta, and S.
J. Hastings
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Seasonal and Spatial Variability in Net Ecosystem
CO2 Exchange
Over Arctic Tundra Ecosystems
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Abstract
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Temporal and spatial variability is an
under-rated characteristic of the arctic tundra
region. This variability induces considerable
uncertainty in the estimation of the carbon
budget of the Arctic ecosystem response to
climate change. There is a lack of representative
measurements...
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Affiliation
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Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego,
CA, USA
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Submitted by
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Anne-Marie LeBlanc
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Authors
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Anne-Marie LeBlanc, R. Fortier, M. Allard, C. G.
Cosma, and S. Buteau
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Seismic Cone Penetration Test and Multi-Offset
Vertical Seismic Profiling in Permafrost
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Abstract
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High-resolution multi-offset Vertical Seismic
Profiling (VSP) was carried out in a permafrost
mound near the Inuit community of Umiujaq in
Nunavik, Québec, Canada, using a Seismic Cone
Penetration Test (SCPT) to study the
cryostratigraphy and assess the dynamic
properties of...
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Affiliation
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Géologie et de génie géologique, Université
Laval, Sainte-Foy, Qc, Canada
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Submitted by
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Peter C. Lippert
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Authors
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Peter Lippert and J. A. Tarduno
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Early Cretaceous Climate Perturbations: A View
from the Arctic
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Abstract
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The Sverdrup Basin of the high Canadian Arctic
contains a record of climatically-sensitive Early
Cretaceous sediments. In particular, these
sediments contain glendonites, calcite
pseudomorphs of the metastable mineral ikaite,
which are thought to signify cold climate
conditions. The duration of...
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Affiliation
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Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of
Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Submitted by
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Sarah Milkovich
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Authors
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Sarah M. Milkovich, J. W. Head III, and S. Pratt
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Meltback of Hesperian-Aged Ice-Rich Deposits Near
the South Pole of Mars: Evidence for Drainage
Channels and Lakes
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Abstract
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Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) topographic
data support the presence of an extensive
Hesperian-aged volatile-rich south polar deposit,
the Dorsa Argentea Formation (DAF) and related
deposits, underlying the present Amazonian-aged
cap. The eastern margin of these deposits
displays further...
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Affiliation
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Department of Geological Sciences, Brown
University, Providence, RI, USA
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Submitted by
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Dirk Notz
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Authors
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Dirk Notz, M. G. McPhee, M. G. Worster, G. A.
Maykut, K. H. Schlunzen, and H. Eicken
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Impact of Underwater-Ice Evolution on Arctic
Summer Sea Ice
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Abstract
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A model is presented that describes the
simultaneous growth and ablation of a layer of
ice between an under-ice melt pond and the
underlying ocean. Such `false bottoms' are the
only significant source of ice formation in the
Arctic during...
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Affiliation
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Dept. of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical
Physics (DAMTP), University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, UK
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Submitted by
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Matthias Prange
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Authors
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Matthias Prange and G. Lohmann
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Effects of Mid-Holocene River Runoff on the
Arctic Ocean-Sea Ice System: A Numerical Model
Study
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Abstract
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Recent geological studies have revealed that the
freshwater input to the Arctic Ocean was highly
variable during the Holocene. In the present
study, the influence of mid-Holocene river runoff
on large-scale Arctic ocean-sea ice dynamics is
examined using a general...
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Affiliation
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Geosciences Department, University of Bremen,
Bremen, Br, Germany
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Submitted by
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John Sanchez
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Authors
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John J. Sánchez , M. Wyss, and S. R. McNutt
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Temporal-Spatial Variations of Stress at Redoubt
Volcano, Alaska, Inferred from Inversion of Fault
Plane Solutions
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Abstract
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We inverted fault plane solutions (FPS) of 420
earthquakes, with a largest magnitude of 3.1,
mostly occupying a 4x4x10-km3 volume beneath Redoubt
volcano, for principal stress directions during
1989-1998. On average, FPS were computed with 8
P-wave readings, inversions...
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Affiliation
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Geology and Geophysics, University of Alaska,
Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
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Submitted by
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Emilie Saulnier-Talbot
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Authors
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Émilie Saulnier-Talbot, R. Pienitz, and W. F.
Vincent
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Holocene Lake Succession and Palaeo-Optics of a
Subarctic Lake, Northern Québec (Canada)
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Abstract
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Two diatom-based transfer functions for the
reconstruction of past levels of dissolved
organic carbon (DOC) and water colour were
applied to fossil diatom species assemblages from
a coastal isolation basin on the eastern shore of
Hudson Bay. Diatom stratigraphic changes...
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Affiliation
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Geography, Université Laval, Québec, Qc, Canada
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Submitted by
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Maria Sergeeva
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Authors
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Maria Sergeeva and D. V. Blagoveschensky
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Substorm Effects on High-Latitude HF Paths of the
Oblique Ionospheric Sounding
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Abstract
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The behaviour of the oblique ionospheric sounding
parameters such as MOF (the maximum observed
frequency) and LOF (the lowest observed
frequency) were ...
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Affiliation
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Radioengineering, State University Of Aerospace
Instrumentation, St.Petersburg , Russian
Federation
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Submitted by
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Nathanael Vaughan
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Authors
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Nathanael Vaughan and R. Carlson
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Impacts of Ice Forces on Stream Bank Protection
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Abstract
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Currently, a publication from the Federal
Highways Administration, "Design of Riprap
Revetment," or HEC-11, forms the design procedure
for riprap under ice conditions in Alaska. HEC-11
recommends a stability factor of 1.6-2.0 for ice
impact specifically, but otherwise neglects...
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Affiliation
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Civil and Environmental Engineering, University
of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
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Submitted by
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Kristoffer Walker
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Authors
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Kristoffer Walker, S. McGeary, and S. L.
Klemperer
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Evolution of the Bristol Bay Basin, Southeast
Bering Sea: Constraints from Seismic Reflection
and Poten
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