ARCUS Student Award | 6th Annual Award

6th Annual ARCUS Award for Arctic Research Excellence

Search Papers

A complete listing of all papers submitted follows this list of winners and honorable mentions.

Winners

Winner

Submitted by   M. Geoffrey Hayes
Authors   M. Geoffrey Hayes, J.B. Coltrain, and D.H. O'Rourke
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Paleogenetic Assessment of Human Migration and Population Replacement in North American Arctic Prehistory
Abstract   Common explanations for transitions in the archaeological record include cultural diffusion of new technologies, or rapid replacement of a resident population by more recent migrants. The former involves genetic continuity across the transition, whereas the latter suggests a genetic replacement...
Affiliation   Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

Winner

Submitted by   Joël Bêty
Authors   Joël Bêty, G. Gauthier, E. Korpimäki, and J.F. Giroux
Category   Life Science
Title   Are goose nesting success and lemming cycles linked? Interplay between nest density and predators
Abstract   The suggested link between lemming cycles and reproductive success of arctic birds is caused by potential effects of varying predation pressure (the Alternative Prey Hypothesis, APH) and protective association with birds of prey (the Nesting Association Hypothesis, NAH). We used...
Affiliation   Biologie (Centre d'Études Nordiques), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada

Winner

Submitted by   Anthony Arendt
Authors   Anthony Arendt, K. Echelmeyer, W. Harrison, C. Lingle, and V. Valentine
Category   Physical Science
Title   Rapid Wastage of Alaska Glaciers and their Contribution to Rising Sea Level (Previously entitled; Elevation and volume changes of Alaskan glaciers, measured from airborne laser altimetry)
Abstract   We have used airborne laser altimetry to estimate volume changes of 67 glaciers in Alaska from the mid-1950s to the mid-1990s. The average rate of thickness change of these glaciers was -0.45 m/year. Extrapolation to all glaciers in Alaska yields...
Affiliation   Geophysics, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA

Winner

Submitted by   Paul Berger
Authors   Paul Berger
Category   Social Science
Title   Adaptations of Euro-Canadian Schools to Inuit Culture in Selected Communities in Nunavut
Abstract   This paper describes a study which explored educators perceptions of current and desired adaptations of Euro-Canadian schools to Inuit culture in five communities in one region of Nunavut. Participants in the study reported very few instances where community input was...
Affiliation   Education, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada

Honorable Mentions

Honorable Mention

Submitted by   Wendy Loya
Authors   Wendy M. Loya, L.C. Johnson, and K.J. Nadelhoffer
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Annual dynamics of leaf and root derived carbon in arctic tundra soils
Abstract   We investigated the contribution of plant derived carbon (C) in the form of leaf litter, root litter, and root-derived materials incorporated into soil organic matter (SOM) to C storage and cycling. By adding 14C-labeled leaf or root litter to...
Affiliation   Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA

Honorable Mention

Submitted by   Robin Brinkmeyer
Authors   Robin Brinkmeyer
Category   Life Science
Title   Oxidation and Utilization of Dimethylsulfide and Dibromomethane by Bacteria in Arctic Sea-ice
Abstract   Algal-rich sea ice collected in the Arctic Ocean during the F.S. Polarstern ARKXVI/2 expedition was incubated with 14C labeled- dimethylsulfide and dibromomethane, respectively, over several days. Oxidation of these compounds by bacteria was measurable. The same sample was...
Affiliation   Biological Oceanography, University of Bremen, Bremerhaven, Germany

Honorable Mention

Submitted by   Tracy Speier
Authors   Tracy Speier
Category   Social Science
Title   Community well being and infectious diseases among Alaska Native communities in the Chugach Region
Abstract   This study sought to examine how Native people of the Chugach Region of Alaska perceive their own communities' health and well being, particularly in regard to infectious diseases. Study design: Prospective focus group interview survey Methods: During September to December...
Affiliation   Public Administration/Health Administration, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA

Honorable Mention

Submitted by   Annette Watson
Authors   Annette Watson
Category   Social Science
Title   The Geography of Island Exploration: Field Science in the Aleutians
Abstract   Discovering the Ring of Fire Apart from brief accounts by explorers from the James Cook party and rarely-translated Russian narratives, the first United States expedition to the newly-acquired Russian America had few textual references to guide its journey. And in...
Affiliation   Geography, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

Interdisciplinary Research Entries


Submitted by   Monika Calef
Authors   Monica P. Calef, H.E. Epstein, and H. H. Shugart
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Fire and Vegetation Patterns in Interior Alaska
Abstract   According to a variety of field observations, most forest types of the boreal forest in Interior Alaska can be found at unique elevation ranges, and topographic slopes and aspects. The boreal forest is also characterized by recurring disturbances such as...
Affiliation   Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA


Submitted by   Hector Douglas III
Authors   Hector D. Douglas III, J.E. Co, T.H. Jones, and W.E. Conner
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Heteropteran chemical repellents identified in the citrus odor of a seabird (crested auklet: Aethia cristatella): evolutionary convergence in chemical ecology
Abstract   The exogenous application of chemical repellents is widespread in birds, but endogenous production is exceedingly rare. We herein report a new class of avian defensive compounds isolated from the feathers and volatile odor of the crested anklet (Aethia cristatella). Mass...
Affiliation   Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA


Submitted by   Anna Forsström
Authors   Anna Forsström
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Maintaining and Creating Permafrost in Subarctic Regions
Abstract   In frozen ground, climatic changes and thermal disturbance may cause thawing and degradation of previously frozen ground. If the ground is refrozen, repeated thawing and freezing may cause heaving, settlement, sloughing and creeping. Foundations may be destroyed in a matter...
Affiliation   Civil and Mining Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden


Submitted by   Elena Kirillova
Authors   Elena Kirillova, O.V. Stepanov, and T. Weingartner
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Distribution and variability of nutrients in the northwestern part of the Chukchi Sea.
Abstract   We have archived hydrological (temperature, salinity) and hydrochemical (nutrients and oxygen) data collected from Russian observations in the northwest Chukchi Sea spanning the period from 1922 to the early 1990s. The data base permits studying the seasonal variations in the...
Affiliation   Oceanology, Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia


Submitted by   Caroline Lavoie
Authors   Caroline Lavoie, M. Allard, and P.R. Hill
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Holocene deltaic sedimentation along an emerging coast: Nastapoka River Delta, eastern Hudson Bay, Québec
Abstract   Eastern Hudson Bay is characterized by falling relative sea level as a result of postglacial isostatic rebound, which makes the region a natural laboratory for rapid forced regression, where the evolution of deltaic systems and offshore sedimentation patterns can be...
Affiliation   Centre d'études nordiques, Université Laval, Sainte-Foy, QC, Canada


Submitted by   Mette Mauritzen
Authors   Mette Mauritzen, A.E. Derocher, O. Pavlova, and Ø. Wiig
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Polar bears on drift ice - walking the treadmill
Abstract   Whereas polar bears in the Barents Sea area inhabiting near shore areas on stable land-fast ice have annual ranges of 50,000 km2, polar bears inhabiting the pelagic drift ice have annual ranges of 250,000 km2. Affected by wind,...
Affiliation   Zoological Museum, University of Oslo, 5817 Bergen, Norway


Submitted by   Kathleen Osgood Dana
Authors   Kathleen Osgood Dana
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   When a Lapp is out on the high fells: Literary Voice and Cultural Identity for the Sámi
Abstract   Vision has been considered a male paradigm for knowing and reinforced in textual traditions, whereas voice has been considered a female way of knowing, reminiscent of oral traditions. However, in native literature, such as in Sámi writing, literary voice is...
Affiliation   Gielegas Instituhta/Sámi Studies Institute, University of Oulu - Finland, Oulu, Finland


Submitted by   Qianlai Zhuang
Authors   Qianlai Zhuang, V.E. Romanovsky, and A.D. McGuire
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Incorporation of a permafrost model into a large-scale ecosystem model: Evaluation of temporal and spatial scaling issues in simulating soil thermal dynamics
Abstract   This study evaluated whether a model of permafrost dynamics with a 0.5-day resolution internal time step that is driven by monthly climate inputs is adequate for representing the soil thermal dynamics in a large-scale ecosystem model. An extant version of...
Affiliation   Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA


Submitted by   Qianlai Zhuang
Authors   Qianlai Zhuang, A.D. McGuire, K.P. O'Neill, J.W. Harden, V.E. Romanovsky, and J. Yarie
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Modeling Soil Thermal and Carbon Dynamics of a Fire Chronosequence in Interior Alaska
Abstract   In this study, the dynamics of soil thermal, hydrologic and ecosystem processes were coupled to provide the capability to project how the carbon budgets of boreal forests will respond to changes in atmospheric CO2, climate, and fire, which is...
Affiliation   Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska - Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA

Life Science Entries


Submitted by   Ronny Aanes
Authors   Ronny Aanes, B.E. Saether, F.M. Smith, E.J. Cooper, P.A. Wookey, and N.A. Øritsland
Category   Life Science
Title   The Arctic Oscillation predicts effects of climate change in two trophic levels in a high-arctic ecosystem
Abstract   During recent decades there has been a change in the circulation of atmospheric pressure throughout the Northern Hemisphere. These variations are expressed in the recently described Arctic Oscillation (AO), which has shown an upward trend (associated with winter warming in...
Affiliation   Zoology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway


Submitted by   Joël Bêty
Authors   Joël Bêty, G. Gauthier, J.F. Giroux, and E. Korpimäki
Category   Life Science
Title   Shared predators and indirect trophic interactions: lemming cycles and arctic-nesting geese
Abstract   1. We investigated the hypothesis that cyclic lemming populations indirectly affect arctic-nesting greater snow geese (Anser caerulescens atlanticus L.) through the behavioural and numerical responses of shared predators. 2. The study took place on Bylot Island in the Canadian High...
Affiliation   Biologie (Centre d'Études Nordiques), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada


Submitted by   Katrine Borgå
Authors   Katrine Borgå, G.W. Gabrielsen, and J.U. Skaare
Category   Life Science
Title   Differences in contamination load between planktonic and ice-associated fauna in the Arctic marginal ice zone: influence of habitat, diet and geography
Abstract   Concentration and transport of organic pollutants by Arctic sea ice may expose ice-associated fauna to high contaminant concentrations relative to pelagic organisms. Zooplankton and ice-associated amphipods were collected in the marginal ice zone near Svalbard to investigate if habitat, diet...
Affiliation   Department of Aquatic Resources and Environmental , University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway


Submitted by   Switgard Duesterloh
Authors   Switgard Duesterloh, J.W. Short, and M.G. Barron
Category   Life Science
Title   Photoenhanced Toxicity of Weathered Alaska North Slope Crude Oil to Two Species of Marine Calanoid Zooplankton
Abstract   This study investigated the synergistic toxicity of polyaromatic compounds (PAC) in oil and ultraviolet radiation (UV) in natural sunlight to the calanoid copepods Calanus marshallae and Metridia okhotensis. These copepods were first exposed to low doses (-2µg total PACIL) of...
Affiliation   Juneau Center School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Juneau, Juneau, AK, USA


Submitted by   Markus G. Dyck
Authors   Markus G. Dyck and R.K. Baydack
Category   Life Science
Title   Vigilance behaviour of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in the context of polar bear viewing activities at Churchill, Manitoba.
Abstract   Polar bear (Ursus maritimus) viewing tours using tundra vehicles have been offered at Churchill, Manitoba since the 1980's. This form of wildlife-viewing has been providing a very unique way to learn about polar bears, their natural habitat and ecosystem. However,...
Affiliation   Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada


Submitted by   Daniel Liptzin
Authors   Daniel Liptzin
Category   Life Science
Title   A Banded Vegetation Pattern in a High Arctic Community on Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, Canada
Abstract   Although the plant diversity in the High Arctic is low, little is known about the distribution and ecological characteristics of these species or the factors that determine the structure and function of plant communities. Although banded vegetation patterns have been...
Affiliation   Environmental Population and Organismic Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA


Submitted by   Mette Mauritzen
Authors   Mette Mauritzen, S.E. Belikov, A.N. Boltunov, A.E. Derocher, E. Hansen, R.A. Ims, Ø. Wiig, and N. Yoccoz
Category   Life Science
Title   Functional responses in polar bear habitat selection.
Abstract   Habitat selection may occur in situations in which animals experience a trade-off, e.g. between the use of habitats with abundant forage and the use of safer retreat habitats with little forage. Such trade-offs may yield relative habitat use conditional on...
Affiliation   Zoological Museum, University of Oslo, 5817 Bergen, Norway


Submitted by   Derek Mueller
Authors   Derek R. Mueller, W.F. Vincent, W.H. Pollard, and C.H. Fritsen
Category   Life Science
Title   Glacial cryoconite ecosystems: a bipolar comparison of algal communities and habitats
Abstract   Meltwaters on glaciers contain a variety of aquatic biota, particularly within the habitat formed by cryoconite holes in the glacial ablation zone. These holes consist of cylindrical cavities filled with meltwater and a basal layer of dark sediment. They are...
Affiliation   Département de biologie, Université Laval, Sainte-Foy, QC, Canada


Submitted by   W. Wyatt Oswald
Authors   W. Wyatt Oswald, L.B. Brubaker, F.S. Hu, and D.G. Gavin
Category   Life Science
Title   Pollen-vegetation calibration for arctic tundra communities in the Brooks Range foothills, northern Alaska
Abstract   Palynology has been portrayed as too "blunt" to reveal variations in arctic tundra vegetation. The analysis of 56 modern lake-sediment pollen assemblages tests this characterization for the northern foothills of the Brooks Range in northern Alaska. In the...
Affiliation   College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA


Submitted by   Mark Skidmore
Authors   Mark L. Skidmore, J.M. Foght, and M.J. Sharp
Category   Life Science
Title   Microbial Life beneath a high Arctic glacier
Abstract   The debris-rich basal ice layers of a high Arctic glacier were shown to contain metabolically diverse microbes that could be cultured oligotrophically at low temperatures (0.3 to 4°C). These organisms included aerobic chemoheterotrophs and anaerobic nitrate reducers, sulfate reducers, and...
Affiliation   Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada


Submitted by   Janne Elin Søreide
Authors   Janne Elin Søreide
Category   Life Science
Title   Winter and spring distribution of macrozooplankton in the Marginal Ice Zone of the Barents Sea.
Abstract   Macro-zooplankton was collected in the Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) of the Barents Sea during two cruises in May 1999 and March 2000. Three north –south transects across MIZ were performed, two of them were also crossing the Polar Front. The...
Affiliation   Institute of Aquatic Resources and Environmental , The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Tromsø, Norway


Submitted by   Anna Stenström
Authors   Anna Stenström, B.O. Jonsson, I.S. Jónsdóttir, T. Fagerström§, and M. Augner
Category   Life Science
Title   Genetic variation and clonal diversity in four clonal sedges (Carex) along the Arctc coast of Eurasia.
Abstract   We studied the structure of genetic variation (at both ramet- and genet-level) and clonal diversity within and among populations in the four closely related arctic clonal sedges Carex bigelowii, C. ensifolia, C. lugens and C. stans by use of allozyme...
Affiliation   Botanical Institute, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden


Submitted by   Robert Bertrand Weladji
Authors   Robert B. Weladji and Ø. Holand
Category   Life Science
Title   Sex ratio variation in reindeer: a test of the extrinsis modification hypothesis
Abstract   Offspring sex ratio has been reported to differ from parity in many mammal populations. Evolutionary theories based on adaptive modification by maternal investment, are generally forwarded to explain the variation in offspring sex ratios, but are repeatedly inconsistent. Recently, factors...
Affiliation   Animal Science, Agricultural University of Norway, ÅS, Norway

Physical Science Entries


Submitted by   Julie Bacle
Authors   Julie Bacle, E.C. Carmack, and R.G. Ingram
Category   Physical Science
Title   Water column structure and circulation under the North Water Polynya during spring transition: April-July, 1998
Abstract   The North Water is a large recurring polynya in northern Baffin Bay. Over 400 hydrographic CTD stations taken from this region between April and July 1998 were examined to better understand the water column structures underlying the polynya during spring...
Affiliation   School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Sidney, BC, Canada


Submitted by   Terra Dassau
Authors   Terra M. Dassau, A.L. Sumner, S.L. Koeniger, P.B. Shepson, J. Yang, R.E. Honrath, N.J. Cullen, K Steffen H.W. Jacobi, M. Frey, M.A. Hutterli, and R.C. Bales
Category   Physical Science
Title   Investigation of the Role of the Snowpack on Formaldehyde Chemistry at Summit, Greenland
Abstract   Ambient gas-phase and snow-phase measurements of formaldehyde (HCHO) were conducted at Summit, Greenland, during several summers, in order to understand the role of airsnow exchange on remote tropospheric HCHO and factors that determine snowpack HCHO. A gas-phase model was developed...
Affiliation   Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA


Submitted by   Anna Gannet
Authors   Anna Gannet
Category   Physical Science
Title   Arctic Cirrus Microphysical Properties
Abstract   High-latitude arctic cirrus clouds were studied using measurements obtained from aboard NASA DC-8 during the SOLVE (SAGE Ill Ozone Loss and Validation Experiment) mission based in Kiruna, Sweden throughout the winter and spring of 1999-2000. The data used in this...
Affiliation   Program in Atmospheric Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA


Submitted by   Hendrik Huwald
Authors   Hendrik Huwald, B. Tremblay, and H. Blatter
Category   Physical Science
Title   Validation of a multi-layer thermodynamic snow sea ice model against SHEBA data
Abstract   Amulti-layer thermodynamic snow sea ice model was tested against observational data from the SHEBA experiment. The model uses a coordinates transformation which maps the thickness of the snow and ice slabs onto unity intervals and thus enables automatic relayering of...
Affiliation   Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland


Submitted by   Lars Kaleschke
Authors   Lars Kaleschke, G. Heygster, C. Lüpkes, A. Bochert, J. Hartmann, J. Haarpaintner, and T. Vihma
Category   Physical Science
Title   SSM/I Sea Ice Remote Sensing for Mesoscale Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction Analysis
Abstract   Two algorithms have been used in a hybrid scheme in order to obtain sea ice concentration maps at 12 km resolution from Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) data. One algorithm is based on the 85 GHz polarization difference. The second...
Affiliation   Institute of Environmental Physics, Dept. of Physics and Electrical Engineering, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany


Submitted by   Jiping Liu
Authors   Jiping Liu, G.A. Schmidt, D.G. Martinson, D. Rind, G. Russell, and X. Yuan
Category   Physical Science
Title   Sensitivity of sea ice to physical parameterizations in the GISS global climate model
Abstract   Sea ice plays an important role in the determination of regional and global climate. The purpose of this study is to improve our understanding of sea ice sensitivity to the sea ice dynamic and subgrid scale oceanic processes that allow...
Affiliation   Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA


Submitted by   Karl Ljung
Authors   Karl Ljung
Category   Physical Science
Title   A paleoecological study of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in the Kap Farvel area, South Greenland
Abstract   A sedimentary sequence from a small lake situated on Taterakasik peninsula in the Kap Farvel area, South Greenland, was investigated with respect to pollen and other microfossil content, as well as loss-on-ignition and magnetic susceptibility values. The 14C dates...
Affiliation   Quaternary Geology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden


Submitted by   Hanno Meyer
Authors   Hanno Meyer, A. Dereviagin, C. Siegert, and H.W. Hubberten
Category   Physical Science
Title   Paleoclimate Studies on Bykovsky Peninsula, North Siberia - Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes in Ground Ice
Abstract   In wide areas of Northern Siberia, glaciers have been absent since the Late Pleistocene. Therefore, ground ice and especially ice wedges are used as archives for paleoclimatic studies. In the present study, carried out on the Bykovsky Peninsula, eastern Lena...
Affiliation   Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Research Unit Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany


Submitted by   Gordon Osinski
Authors   Gordon Osinski
Category   Physical Science
Title   Impact-induced hydrothermal activity within the Haughton impact structure, Devon Island, Arctic Canada: Implications for Mars.
Abstract   Field studies and analytical scanning electron microscopy indicate that a hydrothermal system was created by the interaction of groundwater with hot, impact-generated rocks at the 24 km diameter, 23 million year-old Haughton impact structure on Devon Island, Nunavut, Arctic Canada...
Affiliation   Planetary and Space Science Center - Department of Geology, University of New Brunswick, Fredricton, NB, Canada


Submitted by   Matthew J. Roberts
Authors   Matthew J. Roberts, A.J. Russell, F.S. Tweed, and Ó. Knudsen
Category   Physical Science
Title   Controls on the development of supraglacial floodwater outlets during jökulhlaups
Abstract   Recent field observations have revealed that jökulhlaups with a near-instantaneous rise to peak discharge can generate temporary hydraulic pressures capable of forcing floodwater through the surface of glaciers. This paper identifies and explains the controls on the development of supraglacial...
Affiliation   Department of Geography, Staffordshire University, Staffordshire, UK


Submitted by   Matthew J. Roberts
Authors   Matthew J. Roberts, F.S. Tweed, A.J. Russell, Ó. Knudsen, D.E. Lawson, G.J. Larson, E.B. Evenson, and H. Björnsson
Category   Physical Science
Title   Glaciohydraulic supercooling in Iceland
Abstract   We present evidence of glaciohydraulic supercooling under jökulhlaup and ablationdominated conditions from two temperate Icelandic glaciers. Observations show that freezing of sediment-laden meltwater leads to intraglacial debris entrainment during normal and extreme hydrological regimes. Intraglacial frazil ice propagation under normal...
Affiliation   Department of Geography, Staffordshire University, Staffordshire, UK


Submitted by   Matthew J. Roberts
Authors   Matthew J. Roberts, A.J. Russell, F.S. Tweed, and Ó. Knudsen
Category   Physical Science
Title   Controls on englacial sediment deposition during the November 1996 jökulhlaup, Skeidarárjökull, Iceland
Abstract   This paper presents sedimentary evidence for rapid englacial debris entrainment during jökulhlaups. Previous studies of jökulhlaup sedimentology have focused predominantly on proglacial impact, rather than depositional processes within glaciers. However, observations of supraglacial floodwater outbursts suggest that englacial sediment emplacement...
Affiliation   Department of Geography, Staffordshire University, Staffordshire, UK


Submitted by   Matthew J. Roberts
Authors   Matthew J. Roberts, A.J. Russell, F.S. Tweed, and Ó. Knudsen
Category   Physical Science
Title   Ice fracturing during jökulhlaups: implications for floodwater routing and outlet development.
Abstract   Theoretical studies of glacial outburst floods (jökulhlaups) assume that: (i) intraglacial floodwater is transported efficiently in isolated conduits; (ii) intraglacial conduit enlargement operates proportionally to increasing discharge; (iii) floodwater exits glaciers through pre-existing ice-marginal outlets; and (iv) the morphology and...
Affiliation   Department of Geography, Staffordshire University, Staffordshire, UK


Submitted by   Matthew J. Roberts
Authors   Matthew J. Roberts, A.J. Russell, F.S. Tweed, and Ó. Knudsen
Category   Physical Science
Title   Rapid sediment entrainment and englacial deposition during jökulhlaups
Abstract   Englacial water flow is a commonly invoked hypothesis to account for the presence of water-worked sediment at high elevations within glaciers (e.g. Kirkbride and Spedding, 1996; Naslund and Hassinen, 1996; Glasser and others, 1999). However, subscribers to this hypothesis lack...
Affiliation   Department of Geography, Staffordshire University, Staffordshire, UK


Submitted by   Georg Schwamborn
Authors   Georg Schwamborn, A.A. Andreev, V. Rachold, H.W. Hubberten, M.N. Grigoriev, V. Tumskoy, E.Yu. Pavlova, and M.V. Dorozkhina
Category   Physical Science
Title   Evolution of Lake Nikolay, Arga Island, Western Lena Delta, during Late Pleistocene and Holocene time
Abstract   The Late Pleistocene and Holocene history of Lake Nikolay on Arga Island, western Lena Delta, is reconstructed using shallow seismic and ground penetrating radar (GPR) profiles and sedimentary analyses including granulometry, biogeochemistry and pollen analysis. The main objective of this...
Affiliation   Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Foundation for Polar and Marine Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany


Submitted by   Aaron Stierle
Authors   Aaron P. Stierle and H. Eicken
Category   Physical Science
Title   Sedimentary inclusions in Alaskan coastal sea ice: Spatial distribution, interannual variability and entrainment requirements
Abstract   We investigated the spatial characteristics of sedimentary inclusions and elucidated processes controlling their spatial and temporal variability in the fast ice cover of the shallow-marine environment of Elson Lagoon near Barrow, AK. This was accomplished by examining the frazil ice...
Affiliation   Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA

Social Science Entries


Submitted by   Adam Allentuck
Authors   Adam Allentuck
Category   Social Science
Title   The Semisubterranean Dwelling: Cultural Features of the Western Canadian Arctic
Abstract   This paper is derived from a reference manual for identifying archaeological features of the Western Canadian Arctic. The larger manual includes the present discussion, as well as the raw data, excerpts from ethnohistoric sources, and many illustrations. The portion of...
Affiliation   Department of Anthropology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada


Submitted by   Craig M. Lee
Authors   Craig M. Lee
Category   Social Science
Title   Microblade Morphology and Trace Element Analysis: An Examination of Obsidian Artifacts from Archaeological Site 49-PET-408, Prince of Wales Island, Alaska.
Abstract   Obsidian artifacts from archaeological site 49-PET-408 are made from non-local lithic raw material sources that require long distance transportation and/or trade to access. Visually identifiable characteristics of obsidian artifacts, such as color and translucency, have been correlated through trace element...
Affiliation   Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA


Submitted by   Scott S. Legge
Authors   Scott S. Legge
Category   Social Science
Title   A Comparison of Spinal Pathologies in Northern and Southern Native Alaskan Skeletal Populations
Abstract   Differences in subsistence patterns between northern and southern Alaskan Native groups should produce differential use wear pathologies of the spine. Skeletal samples from Golovin Bay, Alaska, located on the south side of the Seward Peninsula (64° 30" north and 163°...
Affiliation   Anthropology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA


Submitted by   Amber Lincoln
Authors   Amber Lincoln
Category   Social Science
Title   Negotiated Authenticity: The Sámi handicraft market in Sweden.
Abstract   The Same Handicraft Foundation operates the Same Doudji Mark, which are tags placed on “authentic” Sámi handicraft. The authenticity of Sámi handicraft is subject to negotiation by three sets of actors; regulators from the Foundations, consumers, and producers of the...
Affiliation   Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Fairbanks, AK, USA


Submitted by   Dessislav Sabev
Authors   Dessislav Sabev
Category   Social Science
Title   Central Planning, Market and Subsistence From a Tundra Perspective: Field Experience With Reindeer Herders in the Kola Peninsula
Abstract