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ARCUS Student Award | 6th Annual
Award
6th Annual ARCUS Award for Arctic Research Excellence
Search Papers
A complete listing of all papers submitted follows this
list of winners and honorable mentions.
Winners
Winner
Submitted by
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M. Geoffrey Hayes
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Authors
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M. Geoffrey Hayes, J.B. Coltrain, and D.H.
O'Rourke
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Paleogenetic Assessment of Human Migration and
Population Replacement in North American Arctic
Prehistory
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Abstract
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Common explanations for transitions in the
archaeological record include cultural diffusion
of new technologies, or rapid replacement of a
resident population by more recent migrants. The
former involves genetic continuity across the
transition, whereas the latter suggests a genetic
replacement...
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Affiliation
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Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City,
UT, USA
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Winner
Submitted by
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Joël Bêty
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Authors
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Joël Bêty, G. Gauthier, E. Korpimäki, and J.F.
Giroux
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Are goose nesting success and lemming cycles
linked? Interplay between nest density and
predators
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Abstract
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The suggested link between lemming cycles and
reproductive success of arctic birds is caused by
potential effects of varying predation pressure
(the Alternative Prey Hypothesis, APH) and
protective association with birds of prey (the
Nesting Association Hypothesis, NAH). We used...
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Affiliation
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Biologie (Centre d'Études Nordiques), Université
Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Winner
Submitted by
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Anthony Arendt
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Authors
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Anthony Arendt, K. Echelmeyer, W. Harrison, C.
Lingle, and V. Valentine
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Rapid Wastage of Alaska Glaciers and their
Contribution to Rising Sea Level (Previously
entitled; Elevation and volume changes of Alaskan
glaciers, measured from airborne laser altimetry)
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Abstract
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We have used airborne laser altimetry to estimate
volume changes of 67 glaciers in Alaska from the
mid-1950s to the mid-1990s. The average rate of
thickness change of these glaciers was -0.45
m/year. Extrapolation to all glaciers in Alaska
yields...
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Affiliation
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Geophysics, University of Alaska Fairbanks,
Fairbanks, AK, USA
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Winner
Submitted by
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Paul Berger
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Authors
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Paul Berger
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Category
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Social Science
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Title
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Adaptations of Euro-Canadian Schools to Inuit
Culture in Selected Communities in Nunavut
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Abstract
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This paper describes a study which explored
educators perceptions of current and desired
adaptations of Euro-Canadian schools to Inuit
culture in five communities in one region of
Nunavut. Participants in the study reported very
few instances where community input was...
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Affiliation
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Education, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON,
Canada
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Honorable Mentions
Honorable Mention
Submitted by
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Wendy Loya
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Authors
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Wendy M. Loya, L.C. Johnson, and K.J. Nadelhoffer
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Annual dynamics of leaf and root derived carbon
in arctic tundra soils
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Abstract
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We investigated the contribution of plant derived
carbon (C) in the form of leaf litter, root
litter, and root-derived materials incorporated
into soil organic matter (SOM) to C storage and
cycling. By adding 14C-labeled leaf or root
litter to...
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Affiliation
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Division of Biology, Kansas State University,
Manhattan, KS, USA
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Honorable Mention
Submitted by
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Robin Brinkmeyer
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Authors
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Robin Brinkmeyer
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Oxidation and Utilization of Dimethylsulfide and
Dibromomethane by Bacteria in Arctic Sea-ice
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Abstract
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Algal-rich sea ice collected in the Arctic Ocean
during the F.S. Polarstern ARKXVI/2 expedition
was incubated with 14C labeled-
dimethylsulfide and dibromomethane, respectively,
over several days. Oxidation of these compounds
by bacteria was measurable. The same sample
was...
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Affiliation
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Biological Oceanography, University of Bremen,
Bremerhaven, Germany
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Honorable Mention
Submitted by
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Tracy Speier
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Authors
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Tracy Speier
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Category
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Social Science
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Title
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Community well being and infectious diseases
among Alaska Native communities in the Chugach
Region
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Abstract
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This study sought to examine how Native people of
the Chugach Region of Alaska perceive their own
communities' health and well being, particularly
in regard to infectious diseases. Study design:
Prospective focus group interview survey Methods:
During September to December...
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Affiliation
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Public Administration/Health Administration,
University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK,
USA
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Honorable Mention
Submitted by
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Annette Watson
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Authors
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Annette Watson
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Category
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Social Science
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Title
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The Geography of Island Exploration: Field
Science in the Aleutians
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Abstract
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Discovering the Ring of Fire Apart from brief
accounts by explorers from the James Cook party
and rarely-translated Russian narratives, the
first United States expedition to the
newly-acquired Russian America had few textual
references to guide its journey. And in...
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Affiliation
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Geography, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis,
MN, USA
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Interdisciplinary Research Entries
Submitted by
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Monika Calef
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Authors
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Monica P. Calef, H.E. Epstein, and H. H. Shugart
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Fire and Vegetation Patterns in Interior Alaska
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Abstract
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According to a variety of field observations,
most forest types of the boreal forest in
Interior Alaska can be found at unique elevation
ranges, and topographic slopes and aspects. The
boreal forest is also characterized by recurring
disturbances such as...
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Affiliation
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Department of Environmental Sciences, University
of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Submitted by
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Hector Douglas III
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Authors
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Hector D. Douglas III, J.E. Co, T.H. Jones, and
W.E. Conner
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Heteropteran chemical repellents identified in
the citrus odor of a seabird (crested auklet:
Aethia cristatella): evolutionary convergence in
chemical ecology
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Abstract
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The exogenous application of chemical repellents
is widespread in birds, but endogenous production
is exceedingly rare. We herein report a new class
of avian defensive compounds isolated from the
feathers and volatile odor of the crested anklet
(Aethia cristatella). Mass...
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Affiliation
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Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska
Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
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Submitted by
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Anna Forsström
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Authors
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Anna Forsström
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Maintaining and Creating Permafrost in Subarctic
Regions
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Abstract
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In frozen ground, climatic changes and thermal
disturbance may cause thawing and degradation of
previously frozen ground. If the ground is
refrozen, repeated thawing and freezing may cause
heaving, settlement, sloughing and creeping.
Foundations may be destroyed in a matter...
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Affiliation
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Civil and Mining Engineering, Luleå University of
Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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Submitted by
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Elena Kirillova
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Authors
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Elena Kirillova, O.V. Stepanov, and T.
Weingartner
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Distribution and variability of nutrients in the
northwestern part of the Chukchi Sea.
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Abstract
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We have archived hydrological (temperature,
salinity) and hydrochemical (nutrients and
oxygen) data collected from Russian observations
in the northwest Chukchi Sea spanning the period
from 1922 to the early 1990s. The data base
permits studying the seasonal variations in
the...
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Affiliation
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Oceanology, Arctic and Antarctic Research
Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Submitted by
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Caroline Lavoie
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Authors
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Caroline Lavoie, M. Allard, and P.R. Hill
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Holocene deltaic sedimentation along an emerging
coast: Nastapoka River Delta, eastern Hudson Bay,
Québec
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Abstract
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Eastern Hudson Bay is characterized by falling
relative sea level as a result of postglacial
isostatic rebound, which makes the region a
natural laboratory for rapid forced regression,
where the evolution of deltaic systems and
offshore sedimentation patterns can be...
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Affiliation
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Centre d'études nordiques, Université Laval,
Sainte-Foy, QC, Canada
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Submitted by
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Mette Mauritzen
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Authors
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Mette Mauritzen, A.E. Derocher, O. Pavlova, and
Ø. Wiig
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Polar bears on drift ice - walking the treadmill
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Abstract
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Whereas polar bears in the Barents Sea area
inhabiting near shore areas on stable land-fast
ice have annual ranges of 50,000 km2, polar bears inhabiting
the pelagic drift ice have annual ranges of
250,000 km2.
Affected by wind,...
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Affiliation
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Zoological Museum, University of Oslo, 5817
Bergen, Norway
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Submitted by
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Kathleen Osgood Dana
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Authors
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Kathleen Osgood Dana
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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When a Lapp is out on the high fells: Literary
Voice and Cultural Identity for the Sámi
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Abstract
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Vision has been considered a male paradigm for
knowing and reinforced in textual traditions,
whereas voice has been considered a female way of
knowing, reminiscent of oral traditions. However,
in native literature, such as in Sámi writing,
literary voice is...
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Affiliation
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Gielegas Instituhta/Sámi Studies Institute,
University of Oulu - Finland, Oulu, Finland
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Submitted by
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Qianlai Zhuang
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Authors
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Qianlai Zhuang, V.E. Romanovsky, and A.D. McGuire
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Incorporation of a permafrost model into a
large-scale ecosystem model: Evaluation of
temporal and spatial scaling issues in simulating
soil thermal dynamics
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Abstract
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This study evaluated whether a model of
permafrost dynamics with a 0.5-day resolution
internal time step that is driven by monthly
climate inputs is adequate for representing the
soil thermal dynamics in a large-scale ecosystem
model. An extant version of...
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Affiliation
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Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska
Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
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Submitted by
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Qianlai Zhuang
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Authors
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Qianlai Zhuang, A.D. McGuire, K.P. O'Neill, J.W.
Harden, V.E. Romanovsky, and J. Yarie
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Category
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Interdisciplinary Research
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Title
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Modeling Soil Thermal and Carbon Dynamics of a
Fire Chronosequence in Interior Alaska
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Abstract
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In this study, the dynamics of soil thermal,
hydrologic and ecosystem processes were coupled
to provide the capability to project how the
carbon budgets of boreal forests will respond to
changes in atmospheric CO2, climate, and fire,
which is...
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Affiliation
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Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska -
Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
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Life Science Entries
Submitted by
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Ronny Aanes
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Authors
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Ronny Aanes, B.E. Saether, F.M. Smith, E.J.
Cooper, P.A. Wookey, and N.A. Øritsland
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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The Arctic Oscillation predicts effects of
climate change in two trophic levels in a
high-arctic ecosystem
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Abstract
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During recent decades there has been a change in
the circulation of atmospheric pressure
throughout the Northern Hemisphere. These
variations are expressed in the recently
described Arctic Oscillation (AO), which has
shown an upward trend (associated with winter
warming in...
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Affiliation
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Zoology, Norwegian University of Science and
Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Submitted by
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Joël Bêty
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Authors
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Joël Bêty, G. Gauthier, J.F. Giroux, and E.
Korpimäki
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Shared predators and indirect trophic
interactions: lemming cycles and arctic-nesting
geese
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Abstract
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1. We investigated the hypothesis that cyclic
lemming populations indirectly affect
arctic-nesting greater snow geese (Anser
caerulescens atlanticus L.) through the
behavioural and numerical responses of shared
predators. 2. The study took place on Bylot
Island in the Canadian High...
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Affiliation
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Biologie (Centre d'Études Nordiques), Université
Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Submitted by
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Katrine Borgå
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Authors
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Katrine Borgå, G.W. Gabrielsen, and J.U. Skaare
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Differences in contamination load between
planktonic and ice-associated fauna in the Arctic
marginal ice zone: influence of habitat, diet and
geography
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Abstract
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Concentration and transport of organic pollutants
by Arctic sea ice may expose ice-associated fauna
to high contaminant concentrations relative to
pelagic organisms. Zooplankton and ice-associated
amphipods were collected in the marginal ice zone
near Svalbard to investigate if habitat, diet...
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Affiliation
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Department of Aquatic Resources and Environmental
, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
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Submitted by
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Switgard Duesterloh
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Authors
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Switgard Duesterloh, J.W. Short, and M.G. Barron
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Photoenhanced Toxicity of Weathered Alaska North
Slope Crude Oil to Two Species of Marine Calanoid
Zooplankton
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Abstract
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This study investigated the synergistic toxicity
of polyaromatic compounds (PAC) in oil and
ultraviolet radiation (UV) in natural sunlight to
the calanoid copepods Calanus marshallae and
Metridia okhotensis. These copepods were first
exposed to low doses (-2µg total PACIL) of...
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Affiliation
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Juneau Center School of Fisheries and Ocean
Sciences, University of Alaska Juneau, Juneau,
AK, USA
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Submitted by
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Markus G. Dyck
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Authors
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Markus G. Dyck and R.K. Baydack
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Vigilance behaviour of polar bears (Ursus
maritimus) in the context of polar bear viewing
activities at Churchill, Manitoba.
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Abstract
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Polar bear (Ursus maritimus) viewing tours using
tundra vehicles have been offered at Churchill,
Manitoba since the 1980's. This form of
wildlife-viewing has been providing a very unique
way to learn about polar bears, their natural
habitat and ecosystem. However,...
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Affiliation
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Natural Resources Institute, University of
Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Submitted by
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Daniel Liptzin
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Authors
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Daniel Liptzin
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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A Banded Vegetation Pattern in a High Arctic
Community on Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, Canada
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Abstract
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Although the plant diversity in the High Arctic
is low, little is known about the distribution
and ecological characteristics of these species
or the factors that determine the structure and
function of plant communities. Although banded
vegetation patterns have been...
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Affiliation
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Environmental Population and Organismic Biology,
University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
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Submitted by
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Mette Mauritzen
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Authors
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Mette Mauritzen, S.E. Belikov, A.N. Boltunov,
A.E. Derocher, E. Hansen, R.A. Ims, Ø. Wiig, and
N. Yoccoz
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Functional responses in polar bear habitat
selection.
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Abstract
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Habitat selection may occur in situations in
which animals experience a trade-off, e.g.
between the use of habitats with abundant forage
and the use of safer retreat habitats with little
forage. Such trade-offs may yield relative
habitat use conditional on...
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Affiliation
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Zoological Museum, University of Oslo, 5817
Bergen, Norway
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Submitted by
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Derek Mueller
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Authors
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Derek R. Mueller, W.F. Vincent, W.H. Pollard, and
C.H. Fritsen
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Glacial cryoconite ecosystems: a bipolar
comparison of algal communities and habitats
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Abstract
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Meltwaters on glaciers contain a variety of
aquatic biota, particularly within the habitat
formed by cryoconite holes in the glacial
ablation zone. These holes consist of cylindrical
cavities filled with meltwater and a basal layer
of dark sediment. They are...
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Affiliation
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Département de biologie, Université Laval,
Sainte-Foy, QC, Canada
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Submitted by
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W. Wyatt Oswald
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Authors
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W. Wyatt Oswald, L.B. Brubaker, F.S. Hu, and D.G.
Gavin
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Pollen-vegetation calibration for arctic tundra
communities in the Brooks Range foothills,
northern Alaska
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Abstract
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Palynology has been portrayed as too "blunt" to
reveal variations in arctic tundra vegetation.
The analysis of 56 modern lake-sediment pollen
assemblages tests this characterization for the
northern foothills of the Brooks Range in
northern Alaska. In the...
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Affiliation
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College of Forest Resources, University of
Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Submitted by
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Mark Skidmore
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Authors
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Mark L. Skidmore, J.M. Foght, and M.J. Sharp
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Microbial Life beneath a high Arctic glacier
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Abstract
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The debris-rich basal ice layers of a high Arctic
glacier were shown to contain metabolically
diverse microbes that could be cultured
oligotrophically at low temperatures (0.3 to
4°C). These organisms included aerobic
chemoheterotrophs and anaerobic nitrate reducers,
sulfate reducers, and...
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Affiliation
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Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
|
Submitted by
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Janne Elin Søreide
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Authors
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Janne Elin Søreide
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Winter and spring distribution of
macrozooplankton in the Marginal Ice Zone of the
Barents Sea.
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Abstract
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Macro-zooplankton was collected in the Marginal
Ice Zone (MIZ) of the Barents Sea during two
cruises in May 1999 and March 2000. Three north
–south transects across MIZ were performed, two
of them were also crossing the Polar Front.
The...
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Affiliation
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Institute of Aquatic Resources and Environmental
, The Norwegian College of Fishery Science,
Tromsø, Norway
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Submitted by
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Anna Stenström
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Authors
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Anna Stenström, B.O. Jonsson, I.S. Jónsdóttir, T.
Fagerström§, and M. Augner
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Category
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Life Science
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Title
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Genetic variation and clonal diversity in four
clonal sedges (Carex) along the Arctc coast of
Eurasia.
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Abstract
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We studied the structure of genetic variation (at
both ramet- and genet-level) and clonal diversity
within and among populations in the four closely
related arctic clonal sedges Carex bigelowii, C.
ensifolia, C. lugens and C. stans by use of
allozyme...
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Affiliation
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Botanical Institute, Göteborg University,
Göteborg, Sweden
|
Submitted by
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Robert Bertrand Weladji
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Authors
|
|
Robert B. Weladji and Ø. Holand
|
Category
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Life Science
|
Title
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Sex ratio variation in reindeer: a test of the
extrinsis modification hypothesis
|
Abstract
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|
Offspring sex ratio has been reported to differ
from parity in many mammal populations.
Evolutionary theories based on adaptive
modification by maternal investment, are
generally forwarded to explain the variation in
offspring sex ratios, but are repeatedly
inconsistent. Recently, factors...
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Affiliation
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|
Animal Science, Agricultural University of
Norway, ÅS, Norway
|
Physical Science Entries
Submitted by
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Julie Bacle
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Authors
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|
Julie Bacle, E.C. Carmack, and R.G. Ingram
|
Category
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|
Physical Science
|
Title
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|
Water column structure and circulation under the
North Water Polynya during spring transition:
April-July, 1998
|
Abstract
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|
The North Water is a large recurring polynya in
northern Baffin Bay. Over 400 hydrographic CTD
stations taken from this region between April and
July 1998 were examined to better understand the
water column structures underlying the polynya
during spring...
|
Affiliation
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|
School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of
Victoria, Sidney, BC, Canada
|
Submitted by
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|
Terra Dassau
|
Authors
|
|
Terra M. Dassau, A.L. Sumner, S.L. Koeniger, P.B.
Shepson, J. Yang, R.E. Honrath, N.J. Cullen, K
Steffen H.W. Jacobi, M. Frey, M.A. Hutterli, and
R.C. Bales
|
Category
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|
Physical Science
|
Title
|
|
Investigation of the Role of the Snowpack on
Formaldehyde Chemistry at Summit, Greenland
|
Abstract
|
|
Ambient gas-phase and snow-phase measurements of
formaldehyde (HCHO) were conducted at Summit,
Greenland, during several summers, in order to
understand the role of airsnow exchange on remote
tropospheric HCHO and factors that determine
snowpack HCHO. A gas-phase model was developed...
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Affiliation
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|
Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN,
USA
|
Submitted by
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Anna Gannet
|
Authors
|
|
Anna Gannet
|
Category
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|
Physical Science
|
Title
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|
Arctic Cirrus Microphysical Properties
|
Abstract
|
|
High-latitude arctic cirrus clouds were studied
using measurements obtained from aboard NASA DC-8
during the SOLVE (SAGE Ill Ozone Loss and
Validation Experiment) mission based in Kiruna,
Sweden throughout the winter and spring of
1999-2000. The data used in this...
|
Affiliation
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|
Program in Atmospheric Science, University of
Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
|
Submitted by
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Hendrik Huwald
|
Authors
|
|
Hendrik Huwald, B. Tremblay, and H. Blatter
|
Category
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|
Physical Science
|
Title
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|
Validation of a multi-layer thermodynamic snow
sea ice model against SHEBA data
|
Abstract
|
|
Amulti-layer thermodynamic snow sea ice model was
tested against observational data from the SHEBA
experiment. The model uses a coordinates
transformation which maps the thickness of the
snow and ice slabs onto unity intervals and thus
enables automatic relayering of...
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Affiliation
|
|
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science,
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH),
Zurich, Switzerland
|
Submitted by
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|
Lars Kaleschke
|
Authors
|
|
Lars Kaleschke, G. Heygster, C. Lüpkes, A.
Bochert, J. Hartmann, J. Haarpaintner, and T.
Vihma
|
Category
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|
Physical Science
|
Title
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|
SSM/I Sea Ice Remote Sensing for Mesoscale
Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction Analysis
|
Abstract
|
|
Two algorithms have been used in a hybrid scheme
in order to obtain sea ice concentration maps at
12 km resolution from Special Sensor Microwave
Imager (SSM/I) data. One algorithm is based on
the 85 GHz polarization difference. The second...
|
Affiliation
|
|
Institute of Environmental Physics, Dept. of
Physics and Electrical Engineering, University of
Bremen, Bremen, Germany
|
Submitted by
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|
Jiping Liu
|
Authors
|
|
Jiping Liu, G.A. Schmidt, D.G. Martinson, D.
Rind, G. Russell, and X. Yuan
|
Category
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|
Physical Science
|
Title
|
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Sensitivity of sea ice to physical
parameterizations in the GISS global climate
model
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Abstract
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Sea ice plays an important role in the
determination of regional and global climate. The
purpose of this study is to improve our
understanding of sea ice sensitivity to the sea
ice dynamic and subgrid scale oceanic processes
that allow...
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Affiliation
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Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia
University, New York, NY, USA
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Submitted by
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Karl Ljung
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Authors
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Karl Ljung
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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A paleoecological study of the
Pleistocene-Holocene transition in the Kap Farvel
area, South Greenland
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Abstract
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A sedimentary sequence from a small lake situated
on Taterakasik peninsula in the Kap Farvel area,
South Greenland, was investigated with respect to
pollen and other microfossil content, as well as
loss-on-ignition and magnetic susceptibility
values. The 14C dates...
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Affiliation
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Quaternary Geology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Submitted by
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Hanno Meyer
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Authors
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Hanno Meyer, A. Dereviagin, C. Siegert, and H.W.
Hubberten
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Paleoclimate Studies on Bykovsky Peninsula, North
Siberia - Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes in Ground
Ice
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Abstract
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In wide areas of Northern Siberia, glaciers have
been absent since the Late Pleistocene.
Therefore, ground ice and especially ice wedges
are used as archives for paleoclimatic studies.
In the present study, carried out on the Bykovsky
Peninsula, eastern Lena...
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Affiliation
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Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine
Research, Research Unit Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Submitted by
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Gordon Osinski
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Authors
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Gordon Osinski
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Impact-induced hydrothermal activity within the
Haughton impact structure, Devon Island, Arctic
Canada: Implications for Mars.
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Abstract
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Field studies and analytical scanning electron
microscopy indicate that a hydrothermal system
was created by the interaction of groundwater
with hot, impact-generated rocks at the 24 km
diameter, 23 million year-old Haughton impact
structure on Devon Island, Nunavut, Arctic
Canada...
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Affiliation
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Planetary and Space Science Center - Department
of Geology, University of New Brunswick,
Fredricton, NB, Canada
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Submitted by
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Matthew J. Roberts
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Authors
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Matthew J. Roberts, A.J. Russell, F.S. Tweed, and
Ó. Knudsen
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Controls on the development of supraglacial
floodwater outlets during jökulhlaups
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Abstract
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Recent field observations have revealed that
jökulhlaups with a near-instantaneous rise to
peak discharge can generate temporary hydraulic
pressures capable of forcing floodwater through
the surface of glaciers. This paper identifies
and explains the controls on the development of
supraglacial...
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Affiliation
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Department of Geography, Staffordshire
University, Staffordshire, UK
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Submitted by
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Matthew J. Roberts
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Authors
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Matthew J. Roberts, F.S. Tweed, A.J. Russell, Ó.
Knudsen, D.E. Lawson, G.J. Larson, E.B. Evenson,
and H. Björnsson
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Glaciohydraulic supercooling in Iceland
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Abstract
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We present evidence of glaciohydraulic
supercooling under jökulhlaup and
ablationdominated conditions from two temperate
Icelandic glaciers. Observations show that
freezing of sediment-laden meltwater leads to
intraglacial debris entrainment during normal and
extreme hydrological regimes. Intraglacial frazil
ice propagation under normal...
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Affiliation
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Department of Geography, Staffordshire
University, Staffordshire, UK
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Submitted by
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Matthew J. Roberts
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Authors
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Matthew J. Roberts, A.J. Russell, F.S. Tweed, and
Ó. Knudsen
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Controls on englacial sediment deposition during
the November 1996 jökulhlaup, Skeidarárjökull,
Iceland
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Abstract
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This paper presents sedimentary evidence for
rapid englacial debris entrainment during
jökulhlaups. Previous studies of jökulhlaup
sedimentology have focused predominantly on
proglacial impact, rather than depositional
processes within glaciers. However, observations
of supraglacial floodwater outbursts suggest that
englacial sediment emplacement...
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Affiliation
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Department of Geography, Staffordshire
University, Staffordshire, UK
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Submitted by
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Matthew J. Roberts
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Authors
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Matthew J. Roberts, A.J. Russell, F.S. Tweed, and
Ó. Knudsen
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Ice fracturing during jökulhlaups: implications
for floodwater routing and outlet development.
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Abstract
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Theoretical studies of glacial outburst floods
(jökulhlaups) assume that: (i) intraglacial
floodwater is transported efficiently in isolated
conduits; (ii) intraglacial conduit enlargement
operates proportionally to increasing discharge;
(iii) floodwater exits glaciers through
pre-existing ice-marginal outlets; and (iv) the
morphology and...
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Affiliation
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Department of Geography, Staffordshire
University, Staffordshire, UK
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Submitted by
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Matthew J. Roberts
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Authors
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Matthew J. Roberts, A.J. Russell, F.S. Tweed, and
Ó. Knudsen
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Rapid sediment entrainment and englacial
deposition during jökulhlaups
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Abstract
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Englacial water flow is a commonly invoked
hypothesis to account for the presence of
water-worked sediment at high elevations within
glaciers (e.g. Kirkbride and Spedding, 1996;
Naslund and Hassinen, 1996; Glasser and others,
1999). However, subscribers to this hypothesis
lack...
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Affiliation
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Department of Geography, Staffordshire
University, Staffordshire, UK
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Submitted by
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Georg Schwamborn
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Authors
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Georg Schwamborn, A.A. Andreev, V. Rachold, H.W.
Hubberten, M.N. Grigoriev, V. Tumskoy, E.Yu.
Pavlova, and M.V. Dorozkhina
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Evolution of Lake Nikolay, Arga Island, Western
Lena Delta, during Late Pleistocene and Holocene
time
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Abstract
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The Late Pleistocene and Holocene history of Lake
Nikolay on Arga Island, western Lena Delta, is
reconstructed using shallow seismic and ground
penetrating radar (GPR) profiles and sedimentary
analyses including granulometry, biogeochemistry
and pollen analysis. The main objective of
this...
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Affiliation
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Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Foundation for Polar
and Marine Science, University of Potsdam,
Potsdam, Germany
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Submitted by
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Aaron Stierle
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Authors
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Aaron P. Stierle and H. Eicken
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Category
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Physical Science
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Title
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Sedimentary inclusions in Alaskan coastal sea
ice: Spatial distribution, interannual
variability and entrainment requirements
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Abstract
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We investigated the spatial characteristics of
sedimentary inclusions and elucidated processes
controlling their spatial and temporal
variability in the fast ice cover of the
shallow-marine environment of Elson Lagoon near
Barrow, AK. This was accomplished by examining
the frazil ice...
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Affiliation
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Department of Geology and Geophysics, University
of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
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Social Science Entries
Submitted by
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Adam Allentuck
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Authors
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Adam Allentuck
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Category
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Social Science
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Title
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The Semisubterranean Dwelling: Cultural Features
of the Western Canadian Arctic
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Abstract
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This paper is derived from a reference manual for
identifying archaeological features of the
Western Canadian Arctic. The larger manual
includes the present discussion, as well as the
raw data, excerpts from ethnohistoric sources,
and many illustrations. The portion of...
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Affiliation
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Department of Anthropology, University of
Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Submitted by
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Craig M. Lee
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Authors
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Craig M. Lee
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Category
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Social Science
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Title
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Microblade Morphology and Trace Element Analysis:
An Examination of Obsidian Artifacts from
Archaeological Site 49-PET-408, Prince of Wales
Island, Alaska.
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Abstract
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Obsidian artifacts from archaeological site
49-PET-408 are made from non-local lithic raw
material sources that require long distance
transportation and/or trade to access. Visually
identifiable characteristics of obsidian
artifacts, such as color and translucency, have
been correlated through trace element...
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Affiliation
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Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder,
Boulder, CO, USA
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Submitted by
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Scott S. Legge
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Authors
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Scott S. Legge
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Category
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Social Science
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Title
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A Comparison of Spinal Pathologies in Northern
and Southern Native Alaskan Skeletal Populations
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Abstract
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Differences in subsistence patterns between
northern and southern Alaskan Native groups
should produce differential use wear pathologies
of the spine. Skeletal samples from Golovin Bay,
Alaska, located on the south side of the Seward
Peninsula (64° 30" north and 163°...
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Affiliation
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Anthropology, University of Alaska Fairbanks,
Fairbanks, AK, USA
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Submitted by
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Amber Lincoln
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Authors
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Amber Lincoln
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Category
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Social Science
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Title
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Negotiated Authenticity: The Sámi handicraft
market in Sweden.
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Abstract
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The Same Handicraft Foundation operates the Same
Doudji Mark, which are tags placed on “authentic”
Sámi handicraft. The authenticity of Sámi
handicraft is subject to negotiation by three
sets of actors; regulators from the Foundations,
consumers, and producers of the...
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Affiliation
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Scott Polar Research Institute, University of
Cambridge, Fairbanks, AK, USA
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Submitted by
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Dessislav Sabev
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Authors
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Dessislav Sabev
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Category
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Social Science
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Title
|
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Central Planning, Market and Subsistence From a
Tundra Perspective: Field Experience With
Reindeer Herders in the Kola Peninsula
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Abstract
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