ARCUS Student Award | 7th Annual Award

7th Annual ARCUS Award for Arctic Research Excellence

Search Papers

A complete listing of all papers submitted follows this list of winners and honorable mentions.

Winners

Winner

Submitted by   Michael Weintraub
Authors   Michael N. Weintraub and J. P. Schimel
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Interactions Between Carbon and Nitrogen Mineralization and Soil Organic Matter Chemistry in Arctic Tundra Soils
Abstract   We used long term long-term lab incubations and chemical fractionation to characterize the mineralization dynamics of organic soils from tussock, shrub, and wet meadow tundra communities, to determine the relationship between soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition and chemistry, and to...
Affiliation   Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology (EEMB), University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, CA, USA

Winner

Submitted by   Emily Jenkins
Authors   Emily Jenkins, A. M. Veitch, G. D. Appleyard, E. P. Hoberg, S. J. Kutz, and L. Polley
Category   Life Science
Title   Geographic Distribution and Seasonal Patterns of Larval Shedding of the Muscle-Dwelling Nematode Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei in Thinhorn Sheep from Northern North America
Abstract   In 2000, the muscleworm Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei (previously reported only in cervids and mountain goats) was identified in Dall's sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) from the Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories (NT), Canada. Subsequently, we determined the geographic distribution of P. odocoilei through...
Affiliation   Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

Winner

Submitted by   Sarah Boon
Authors   Sarah Boon, M. Sharp, and P. Nienow
Category   Physical Science
Title   Impact of an Extreme Melt Event on the Hydrology and Runoff of a High Arctic Glacier
Abstract   On 28-30 July, 2000, an extreme melt event was observed at John Evans Glacier (JEG), Ellesmere Island (79° 40' N, 74° 00' W). Hourly melt rates during this event fell in the upper 4% of the distribution of melt rates...
Affiliation   Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Winner

Submitted by   Stephanie Irlbacher Fox
Category   Social Science
Title   Women’s Participation in Self Government Negotiations in the Northwest Territories, Canada
Abstract   This paper provides general background on self government negotiating processes in Canada’s Northwest Territories, focusing on women’s participation. It begins by briefly contrasting western feminist and indigenous feminist perspectives. A combination of statistical information, participant observations, interviews with self government...
Affiliation   Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Honorable Mentions

Honorable Mention

Submitted by   Nina Karnovsky
Authors   Nina J. Karnovsky, S. Kwasniewski, J. M. Weslawski, W. Walkusz, and A. Beszczyska-Moeller
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   The Foraging Behavior of Little Auks in a Heterogeneous Environment
Abstract   The Atlantic sector of the Arctic is currently undergoing large-scale changes in the distribution of water masses in response to the pronounced positive values of the North Atlantic Oscillation. As a consequence the area surrounding Little Auk (Alle alle) colonies...
Affiliation   Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA

Honorable Mention

Submitted by   W. Wyatt Oswald
Authors   W. Wyatt Oswald, L. Brubaker, F. Sheng Hu, and G. Kling
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Holocene Pollen Records from the Central Arctic Foothills, Northern Alaska: Testing the Role of Substrate in the Response of Tundra to Climate Change
Abstract   To explore the role of edaphic controls in the response of arctic tundra to climate change, we analyzed Holocene pollen records from lakes in northern Alaska located on glaciated surfaces (Sagavanirktok and Itkillik II) with contrasting soil texture (fine versus...
Affiliation   College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle , WA, USA

Honorable Mention

Submitted by   Claude Belzile
Authors   Claude Belzile, J. A. E. Gibson, and W. F. Vincent
Category   Life Science
Title   Colored Dissolved Organic Matter and Dissolved Organic Carbon Exclusion from Lake Ice: Implications for Irradiance Transmission and Carbon Cycling
Abstract   Thick ice cover is a feature of cold-temperate, polar, and alpine lakes and rivers throughout much of the year. Our observations from Canadian lakes and rivers across the latitudinal gradient 46–80ºN show that their overlying ice contains low concentrations of...
Affiliation   Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, West Boothbay Harbor, Me, USA

Honorable Mention

Submitted by   Juha Heikkinen
Authors   Juha Heikkinen, V. Elsakov, and P. J. Martikainen
Category   Life Science
Title   Carbon Dioxide and Methane Dynamics and Annual Carbon Balance in Tundra Wetland in NE Europe, Russia
Abstract   Methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes on east European tundra wetland ecosystems (67°23’N, 63°22’E) were measured by static chamber techniques in 1999. The 29 microsites were divided into wet flarks (WF), intermediate flarks (IF), wet lawns (WL),...
Affiliation   Environmental Science, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland

Honorable Mention

Submitted by   Laura Bowling
Authors   Laura Bowling, D. L. Kane, R. E. Gieck, L. D. Hinzman, and D. P. Lettenmaier
Category   Physical Science
Title   The Role of Surface Storage in a Low-Gradient Arctic Watershed
Abstract   This paper describes a study of the role of lakes and wetlands in the low-gradient Putuligayuk River watershed in northern Alaska. Evapotranspiration exceeds precipitation over the summer, and there is a gradual reduction in wetland extent. Total inundated...
Affiliation   Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

Honorable Mention

Submitted by   David Burgess
Authors   David Burgess and M. J. Sharp
Category   Physical Science
Title   Recent Changes in Areal Extent of the Devon Ice Cap, Nunavut, Canada
Abstract   Multi-temporal image data from the years 1959/1960 and 1999/2000 reveal a 2.3% decrease in the surface area of the Devon ice cap, Nunavut, over the last 40 years. This has resulted primarily from extensive retreat of tidewater glacier margins on...
Affiliation   Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Honorable Mention

Submitted by   Hans-Peter Marshall
Authors   Hans-Peter Marshall, J. T. Harper, W. T. Pfeffer, and N. F. Humphrey
Category   Physical Science
Title   Depth-Varying Constitutive Properties Observed in an Isothermal Glacier
Abstract   Detailed three-dimensional in-situ measurements of deformation at depth are used to examine the rheology of a 6 x 106 m3 block of temperate glacier ice. Assuming that the viscosity of this ice is primarily dependent on stress, the...
Affiliation   Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA

Honorable Mention

Submitted by   Elana Wilson
Category   Social Science
Title   Gender and Nationalism in Nunavut: A Case Study of the 1997 Gender Parity Vote
Abstract   In this paper, it is argued that the Inuit autonomy movement was nationalistic in nature and that the rhetoric of nationalism has played a key role in shaping understandings of gender and conceptualizations of the public sphere in Nunavut, Canada....
Affiliation   Scott Polar Research Institute/Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

Interdisciplinary Research Entries


Submitted by   Laura Belicka
Authors   Laura L. Belicka, R. W. Macdonald, and H. R. Harvey
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Sources and Transport of Organic Carbon to Shelf, Slope, and Basin Surface Sediments of the Arctic Ocean
Abstract   Lipids in surface sediment transects across the Arctic Ocean were identified to define the sources of organic carbon and the transport of material in the ocean basin. Sterols representing diatoms (24-methylcholesta-5,24(28)-dien-3ß-ol, 24-methylcholesta-5,22-dien-3ß-ol) and dinoflagellates (4a,23,24-trimethylcholest-22-en-3ß-ol) together with algal polyunsaturated fatty...
Affiliation   Marine, Estuarine, and Environmental Sciences, University of Maryland, Solomons, MD, USA


Submitted by   Anna Ekberg (earlier Joabsson)
Authors   Anna Ekberg (Joabsson) and T. R. Christensen
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Methane Emissions from Wetlands and Their Relationship with Vascular Plants: An Arctic Example
Abstract   This paper investigates the relationship between vascular plant production and CH4 emissions from an arctic wet tundra ecosystem in north-east Greenland. Light intensity was manipulated by shading during three consecutive growing seasons (1998-2000). The shading treatment resulted in lower...
Affiliation   Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Analysis, Lund University, Lund, Sweden


Submitted by   Sarah Hamilton
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Toxic Contamination of the Arctic: A Policy Overview
Abstract   Though the Arctic has long been considered one of the most pristine locations on earth, it is currently facing environmental catastrophe. People from Alaska to Finland, whose ancestors have relied for a hundred generations on a symbiotic relationship with the...
Affiliation   School of Law, University of Colorado, Boulder, Denver, CO, USA


Submitted by   Michael R. Hilton
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Preliminary Results of a Long-term Geoarchaeological Experiment Designed to Quantify Postdepositional Disturbances Produced by Freeze-Thaw Mechanisms
Abstract   Archaeologists place significant emphasis on decoding patterns in the archaeological record. A plethora of literature devoted to intra-site spatial analysis substantiates this statement. The potential for postdepositional disturbances in those patterns is generally acknowledged, and freeze/thaw cycles are...
Affiliation   Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles, Rapid City, SD, USA


Submitted by   Kristin Judd
Authors   Kristin E. Judd and G. W. Kling
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Production and Export of Dissolved C in Arctic Tundra Mesocosms: The Roles of Vegetation and Water Flow
Abstract   To better understand carbon (C) cycling in arctic tundra we measured dissolved C production and export rates in mesocosms of three tundra vegetation types: tussock, inter-tussock and wet sedge. Three flushing frequencies were used to simulate storm events and determine...
Affiliation   Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA


Submitted by   Karen Junge
Authors   Karen Junge, J. W. Deming, and H. Eicken
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Surface-Associated Bacterial Activity to -20°C in Arctic Wintertime Sea Ice
Abstract   The lower temperature limit for life was examined in wintertime Arctic sea ice characterized by temperature ranging from -2 to -20°C. Active bacteria were revealed even in the coldest of ice horizons by novel in-situ and sub-zero (ice) dilution methods...
Affiliation   School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA


Submitted by   Neal Michelutti
Authors   Neal Michelutti, M. S. V. Douglas, and J. P. Smol
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Limnological and Paleolimnological Analyses of Two High Arctic Lakes on Cornwallis Island, Candian High Arctic: Examining the Impacts of Recent Climate Changes and Human-Induced Eutrophication
Abstract   From 1968-72, Char and Meretta Lakes (Cornwallis Island, Canadian Arctic) were the sites of several limnological studies conducted during the International Biological Programme (IBP). However, since then, little research has been done on either lake. Since 1992, we've sampled both...
Affiliation   Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada


Submitted by   Michael Rawlins
Authors   Michael A. Rawlins, R. B. Lammers, S. Frolking, B. M. Fekete, and C. J. Vörösmarty
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Simulating Pan-Arctic Runoff with a Macro-Scale Terrestrial Water Balance Model
Abstract   A terrestrial hydrological model, developed to simulate the high-latitude water cycle, is described along with comparisons to observed data across the Pan-Arctic drainage basin. Gridded fields of plant rooting depth, soil characteristics (texture, organic content), vegetation, and daily time series...
Affiliation   Earth Science/Natural Resources, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA


Submitted by   Shelly Rayback
Authors   Shelly A. Rayback and G. H. R. Henry
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   Recontructing Twentieth Century Summer Temperature in the Canadian High Arctic from Retrospective Growth Analysis of Cassiope tetragona
Abstract   In order to understand the current and future impact of climate change in the Arctic, it is important to develop proxy records to obtain an empirical description of past climate variability including its modes of behavior, its extremes and the...
Affiliation   Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada


Submitted by   Kaplan Yalcin
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   The 1907 Ksudach, Kamchatka and 1912 Katmai, Alaska Eruptions as Recorded in the Eclipse Ice Core, Yukon Territory
Abstract   Analysis of major oxide composition of tephra associated with volcanic sulfate horizons in the Eclipse ice core via automated scanning electron microscope has identified tephra from the 1907 Ksudach, Kamchatka, and 1912 Katmai, Alaska eruptions, confirming my identification of these...
Affiliation   Climate Change Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA


Submitted by   Grant Zazula
Authors   Grant D. Zazula, C. E. Schweger, and A. B. Beaudoin
Category   Interdisciplinary Research
Title   A Multi-Proxy Record of Full-Glacial Environments in Eastern Beringia from Northern Yukon, Canada
Abstract   The nature of the full-glacial environment of Beringia has been the focus of substantial investigation and debate. This paper presents plant macrofossils recovered from alluvial deposits at the Bluefish Exposure, northern Yukon Territory. Nine AMS radiocarbon ages place the assemblage...
Affiliation   Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada

Life Science Entries


Submitted by   Monica Bando
Category   Life Science
Title   Comparing the Nutritional Quality of Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Diets
Abstract   Steller sea lion populations have been declining precipitously over the past three decades and although the primary cause(s) remains unknown, one hypothesis is nutritional stress. Nutritional stress may be attributable to reduced preferred prey availability and/or prey quality and could...
Affiliation   Marine Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA


Submitted by   Travis Booms
Authors   Travis L. Booms and M. R. Fuller
Category   Life Science
Title   Gyrfalcon Diet in Central West Greenland During the Nestling Period
Abstract   We studied nesting Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) food habits in central West Greenland during the 2000 and 2001 field seasons using time-lapse video (three nests), regurgitated pellets (19 nests), and prey remains (22 nests). Gyrfalcons relied heavily on Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus...
Affiliation   Biology, Boise State University, Wausaukee, WI, USA


Submitted by   Kurt Galbreath
Authors   Kurt E. Galbreath and J. A. Cook
Category   Life Science
Title   Genetic Consequences of Pleistocene Glaciations for the Tundra Vole (Microtus oeconomus) in Beringia
Abstract   Repeated glacial events during the Pleistocene fragmented and displaced populations throughout the northern continents. Different models of the effects of these climate-driven events predict distinct phylogeographic and population genetic outcomes for high latitude faunas. The role of glaciations in 1)...
Affiliation   Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY, USA


Submitted by   Jill Johnstone
Authors   Jill Johnstone and F. S. Chapin, III
Category   Life Science
Title   Non-Equilibrium Succession Dynamics Indicate Continued Northern Migration of Lodgepole Pine
Abstract   Because species affect ecosystem functioning, understanding migration processes is a key component of predicting future ecosystem responses to climate change. This study provides evidence of range expansion under current climate conditions of an indigenous species with strong ecosystem effects. Surveys...
Affiliation   Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA


Submitted by   Nina Karnovsky
Authors   Nina Karnovsky and G. Hunt
Category   Life Science
Title   Estimation of Carbon Flux to Dovekies (Alle alle) in the North Water
Abstract   We modeled the energy demand of seabirds in the North Water, focusing on the planktivorous dovekie (Alle alle), the dominant species in the polynya. For the dovekie we provided an estimate of carbon flux that included aspects of spatial and...
Affiliation   Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA


Submitted by   Katrin Premke
Authors   Katrin Premke, S. Muyakshin, M. Klages, and J. Wegner
Category   Life Science
Title   Evidence for Long Range Chemoreceptive Tracking of Food Odour in Deep Sea Scavengers by Scanning Sonar Data
Abstract   There is much speculation about chemoreception being involved in food finding strategies of deep sea scavengers in the literature (Dahl, 1979; Meador, 1981; Busdosh et al.; 1982, Sainte-Marie, 1992). Most of these ideas have emerged from analysing time-lapse photographs and...
Affiliation   Deep Sea Research Group, Alfred-Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany


Submitted by   Sandra Rolph
Authors   Sandra G. Rolph, G. H. R. Henry, and C. E. Prescott
Category   Life Science
Title   The Effects of a Nine-Year Climate Warming Experiment on the Nitrogen Economy in High Arctic Tundra
Abstract   The effects of a ten-year climate warming experiment on the nitrogen (N) economy was studied at five sites along a soil moisture gradient at Alexandra Fiord, Ellesmere Island, Canada (78°53’N, 75°55’W). Open top chambers increased the air and soil temperatures...
Affiliation   Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada


Submitted by   Marissa Weiss
Authors   Marissa Weiss, S. E. Hobbie, and G. M. Gettel
Category   Life Science
Title   Contrasting Responses of Nitrogen Fixation in Arctic Lichens to Experimental and Observed Nitrogen and Phosphorus Availability
Abstract   Here we investigate the influence of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) on N fixation and abundance of two of the most common N fixing arctic lichens, Peltigera aphthosa and Peltigera polydactyla in two different common moist upland tundra types, acidic...
Affiliation   Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA

Physical Science Entries


Submitted by   Andreas Peter Ahlstrøm
Authors   Andreas P. Ahlstrøm, C. E. Bøggild, J. J. Mohr, O. B. Olesen, M. P. Hag, and K. Keller
Category   Physical Science
Title   Spatial Variability of Ice Sheet Ablation in West Greenland
Abstract   A distributed energy-balance model was forced with albedo derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Polar Pathfinder (APP) data to evaluate the common assumption that ice sheet ablation can be considered a simple function of elevation. The model...
Affiliation   Institute of Geography / Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark


Submitted by   Robert Bingham
Authors   Robert Bingham, P. Nienow, and M. Sharp
Category   Physical Science
Title   Intra-Annual and Intra-Seasonal Flow Dynamics of a High Arctic Polythermal Valley Glacier
Abstract   Measurements of surface dynamics on polythermal John Evans Glacier, Nunavut, Canada over two winter periods and every 7-10 days throughout two melt-seasons (June-July 2000, 2001) provide new insight into spatio-temporal patters of High Arctic glacier dynamics. In the lower ablation...
Affiliation   Geography and Topographic Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland


Submitted by   Richard Cullather
Authors   Richard Cullather and A. H. Lynch
Category   Physical Science
Title   The Annual Cycle and Interannual Variabliity of Atmospheric Pressure in the Vicinity of the North Pole
Abstract   A comparison of NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis 6-hourly sea level pressure data with former Soviet drifting station observations over the central Arctic Basin reveals high monthly correlations throughout the period 1950-91, but also a preferred winter season negative bias of about 1.4...
Affiliation   Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA


Submitted by   Kathryn Fishbaugh
Authors   Kathryn Fishbaugh and J. Head
Category   Physical Science
Title   Comparison of the North and South Polar Caps of Mars: New Observations from MOLA Data and Discussion of Some Outstanding Questions
Abstract   New high-resolution data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) have provided detailed topographic maps for the north and south polar regions. These new data allow one to compare the overall topography and geologic histories of the two polar regions...
Affiliation   Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA


Submitted by   Richard Hall
Authors   Richard Hall, N. Hughes, and P. Wadhams
Category   Physical Science
Title   A Systematic Method of Obtaining Ice Concentration Measurements from Ship-Based Observtions
Abstract   The distribution and concentration of sea ice plays an important role in the Earth's climate system. Although satellite data are used to observe the distribution and concentration of sea ice, the amount of in situ validation data available is...
Affiliation   Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom


Submitted by   Daniel Hayes
Authors   Daniel Hayes and J. H. Morison
Category   Physical Science
Title   Determining Turbulent Vertical Velocity and Fluxes of Heat and Salt with an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle
Abstract   The authors show that vertical turbulent fluxes in the upper ocean can be measured directly with an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). A horizontal profile of vertical water velocity is obtained by applying a Kalman smoother to AUV motion data. The...
Affiliation   Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA


Submitted by   Pavel Izbekov
Authors   Pavel Izbekov, J. C. Eichelberger, L. C. Patino, T. A. Vogel, and B. V. Ivanov
Category   Physical Science
Title   Calcic Cores of Plagioclase Phenocrysts in Andesite from Karymsky Volcano: Evidence for Rapid Introduction by Basaltic Replenishment
Abstract   Calcic cores in plagioclase of Karymsky andesite of the 1996–2000 cycle texturally and compositionally (both trace- and major-elements) mimic the plagioclase phenocrysts of basalt erupted 6 km away at the onset of the cycle. These observations support the view that...
Affiliation   Geophysical Institute/ Department of Geology & Geophysics, UAF, College of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Fairbanks, AK, USA


Submitted by   Hyojung Kwon
Authors   Hyojung Kwon, W. C. Oechel, R. C. Zulueta, and S. J. Hastings
Category   Physical Science
Title   Seasonal and Spatial Variability in Net Ecosystem CO2 Exchange Over Arctic Tundra Ecosystems
Abstract   Temporal and spatial variability is an under-rated characteristic of the arctic tundra region. This variability induces considerable uncertainty in the estimation of the carbon budget of the Arctic ecosystem response to climate change. There is a lack of representative measurements...
Affiliation   Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA


Submitted by   Anne-Marie LeBlanc
Authors   Anne-Marie LeBlanc, R. Fortier, M. Allard, C. G. Cosma, and S. Buteau
Category   Physical Science
Title   Seismic Cone Penetration Test and Multi-Offset Vertical Seismic Profiling in Permafrost
Abstract   High-resolution multi-offset Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) was carried out in a permafrost mound near the Inuit community of Umiujaq in Nunavik, Québec, Canada, using a Seismic Cone Penetration Test (SCPT) to study the cryostratigraphy and assess the dynamic properties of...
Affiliation   Géologie et de génie géologique, Université Laval, Sainte-Foy, Qc, Canada


Submitted by   Peter C. Lippert
Authors   Peter Lippert and J. A. Tarduno
Category   Physical Science
Title   Early Cretaceous Climate Perturbations: A View from the Arctic
Abstract   The Sverdrup Basin of the high Canadian Arctic contains a record of climatically-sensitive Early Cretaceous sediments. In particular, these sediments contain glendonites, calcite pseudomorphs of the metastable mineral ikaite, which are thought to signify cold climate conditions. The duration of...
Affiliation   Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA


Submitted by   Sarah Milkovich
Authors   Sarah M. Milkovich, J. W. Head III, and S. Pratt
Category   Physical Science
Title   Meltback of Hesperian-Aged Ice-Rich Deposits Near the South Pole of Mars: Evidence for Drainage Channels and Lakes
Abstract   Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) topographic data support the presence of an extensive Hesperian-aged volatile-rich south polar deposit, the Dorsa Argentea Formation (DAF) and related deposits, underlying the present Amazonian-aged cap. The eastern margin of these deposits displays further...
Affiliation   Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA


Submitted by   Dirk Notz
Authors   Dirk Notz, M. G. McPhee, M. G. Worster, G. A. Maykut, K. H. Schlunzen, and H. Eicken
Category   Physical Science
Title   Impact of Underwater-Ice Evolution on Arctic Summer Sea Ice
Abstract   A model is presented that describes the simultaneous growth and ablation of a layer of ice between an under-ice melt pond and the underlying ocean. Such `false bottoms' are the only significant source of ice formation in the Arctic during...
Affiliation   Dept. of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (DAMTP), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK


Submitted by   Matthias Prange
Authors   Matthias Prange and G. Lohmann
Category   Physical Science
Title   Effects of Mid-Holocene River Runoff on the Arctic Ocean-Sea Ice System: A Numerical Model Study
Abstract   Recent geological studies have revealed that the freshwater input to the Arctic Ocean was highly variable during the Holocene. In the present study, the influence of mid-Holocene river runoff on large-scale Arctic ocean-sea ice dynamics is examined using a general...
Affiliation   Geosciences Department, University of Bremen, Bremen, Br, Germany


Submitted by   John Sanchez
Authors   John J. Sánchez , M. Wyss, and S. R. McNutt
Category   Physical Science
Title   Temporal-Spatial Variations of Stress at Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, Inferred from Inversion of Fault Plane Solutions
Abstract   We inverted fault plane solutions (FPS) of 420 earthquakes, with a largest magnitude of 3.1, mostly occupying a 4x4x10-km3 volume beneath Redoubt volcano, for principal stress directions during 1989-1998. On average, FPS were computed with 8 P-wave readings, inversions...
Affiliation   Geology and Geophysics, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA


Submitted by   Emilie Saulnier-Talbot
Authors   Émilie Saulnier-Talbot, R. Pienitz, and W. F. Vincent
Category   Physical Science
Title   Holocene Lake Succession and Palaeo-Optics of a Subarctic Lake, Northern Québec (Canada)
Abstract   Two diatom-based transfer functions for the reconstruction of past levels of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and water colour were applied to fossil diatom species assemblages from a coastal isolation basin on the eastern shore of Hudson Bay. Diatom stratigraphic changes...
Affiliation   Geography, Université Laval, Québec, Qc, Canada


Submitted by   Maria Sergeeva
Authors   Maria Sergeeva and D. V. Blagoveschensky
Category   Physical Science
Title   Substorm Effects on High-Latitude HF Paths of the Oblique Ionospheric Sounding
Abstract   The behaviour of the oblique ionospheric sounding parameters such as MOF (the maximum observed frequency) and LOF (the lowest observed frequency) were ...
Affiliation   Radioengineering, State University Of Aerospace Instrumentation, St.Petersburg , Russian Federation


Submitted by   Nathanael Vaughan
Authors   Nathanael Vaughan and R. Carlson
Category   Physical Science
Title   Impacts of Ice Forces on Stream Bank Protection
Abstract   Currently, a publication from the Federal Highways Administration, "Design of Riprap Revetment," or HEC-11, forms the design procedure for riprap under ice conditions in Alaska. HEC-11 recommends a stability factor of 1.6-2.0 for ice impact specifically, but otherwise neglects...
Affiliation   Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA


Submitted by   Kristoffer Walker
Authors   Kristoffer Walker, S. McGeary, and S. L. Klemperer
Category   Physical Science
Title   Evolution of the Bristol Bay Basin, Southeast Bering Sea: Constraints from Seismic Reflection and Poten